v0.40.6

A mirror-supplied LTS codename (field 10 of index.tab) was used verbatim as an alias filename,
so a hostile codename such as `../../../.bashrc` could make nvm_make_alias write outside $NVM_DIR/alias
- with the default layout, into shell startup files.
Constrain remote codenames to safe filename characters at ingestion in nvm_ls_remote_index_tab,
and reject any `..` path component in nvm_make_alias as a backstop for every caller.

.github/THREAT_MODEL.md

@@ -107,3 +107,35 @@ Additionally, the maintainer of a third-party dependency might introduce a vulne
 **Recommendation**: Third-party libraries should be kept up-to-date, applying patches to address publicly known vulnerabilities in a timely fashion.
 Monitoring and logging capabilities should also be in place to detect and respond to potential attacks.
 SLSA compliance may also be considered for further supply chain security hardening.
+
+## Trust boundary: mirror payloads vs. mirror metadata
+
+`nvm` fetches two very different kinds of data from a Node.js/io.js mirror (`nodejs.org`/`iojs.org` by default, or whatever `$NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR` and `$NVM_IOJS_ORG_MIRROR` point at), and they sit on opposite sides of a trust boundary:
+
+  - **Payloads** — the Node.js/io.js binaries and source tarballs that `nvm install` downloads, unpacks, compiles (for source installs), and runs.
+  - **Metadata** — everything `nvm` parses *about* those payloads rather than executing: the `index.tab` version list (including each release's LTS codename), and the `SHASUMS`/`SHASUMS256` checksum files.
+
+Conflating the two leads to mis-scoped reports, so the project draws the line explicitly.
+
+### Payloads are trusted, by construction
+
+The entire purpose of `nvm` is to download a mirror's build of Node.js and run it.
+A mirror that serves a backdoored binary has arbitrary code execution the moment you `nvm install` and invoke `node`, and no validation inside `nvm` can prevent that - you have chosen to execute that code.
+Installing from source (`nvm install -s`) is if anything more direct: the mirror-supplied source tarball is unpacked and its `configure`/`make` build runs arbitrary code on your machine *at install time*, before `node` is ever invoked.
+Checksum verification protects **integrity** (a corrupted or truncated download, or a network intermediary that cannot also forge the same-origin `SHASUMS`), not **authenticity** against the mirror itself, since the checksums come from the same origin as the payload.
+Selecting a mirror is therefore equivalent to selecting whom you trust for arbitrary code execution in your account.
+A malicious payload from the configured mirror is consequently **out of scope**: no privilege boundary is crossed, so there is no privilege to escalate.
+
+### Metadata is not trusted
+
+Parsing a version list is a pure data operation.
+A user who runs `nvm ls-remote` to browse available versions - and installs nothing - has not opted into running any code from the mirror.
+Metadata can also be attacker-controlled with no mirror misconfiguration at all, via a compromised mirror/CDN or a man-in-the-middle of the channel (see *Threat ID 3*), so it is treated as hostile input.
+The invariant `nvm` maintains is:
+
+> Mirror-supplied metadata must never reach a shell/command evaluator, an `awk`/`sed` program body, or an unvalidated filesystem path (see *Threat ID 2*).
+
+This is why version strings from `index.tab` are passed to the downloader as literal `argv` elements rather than re-parsed by the shell ([CVE-2026-10796](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3c52-35h2-gfmm), [CVE-2026-1665](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4fc5-r4vr-8rp7)); why checksum comparisons pass the mirror's values as `awk -v` **data** and never as program text; and why LTS codenames are constrained to safe alias filenames before naming a file under `$NVM_DIR/alias/lts`, so a hostile codename such as `../../../.bashrc` cannot traverse out of the alias directory.
+
+The point is not that metadata is "more dangerous" than a payload — a trusted payload can obviously do anything.
+It is that metadata carries **no** implied grant of code execution, so any code-execution or arbitrary-write primitive reachable purely by parsing it is a defect worth removing on its own merits, independent of how much the payload channel is trusted.

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -71,11 +71,29 @@ jobs:
       - name: check tests filenames
         run: ./rename_test.sh --check
 
+  check_exec:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: step-security/harden-runner@v2
+        with:
+          allowed-endpoints:
+            github.com:443
+            raw.githubusercontent.com:443
+            nodejs.org:443
+            registry.npmjs.org:443
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: ljharb/actions/node/install@main
+        name: 'nvm install lts/* && npm install'
+        with:
+          node-version: 'lts/*'
+      - name: check that test files are executable
+        run: npm run test:check-exec
+
   all:
     permissions:
       contents: none
     name: 'all linting'
-    needs: [eclint, dockerfile_lint, doctoc, test_naming]
+    needs: [eclint, dockerfile_lint, doctoc, test_naming, check_exec]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: true

.github/workflows/nodejs-org.yml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ on:
   workflow_dispatch:
     inputs:
       version:
-        description: 'nvm version tag (e.g., v0.40.4). Defaults to latest release.'
+        description: 'nvm version tag (e.g., v0.40.4). Defaults to the latest version tag.'
         required: false
         default: ''
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
   update-nodejs-org:
     if: github.repository == 'nvm-sh/nvm' && github.actor == 'ljharb'
     permissions:
-      contents: none
+      contents: read  # for the "Extract and validate version" step's `gh api .../tags` call via the default github.token
     name: 'Create PR to nodejs/nodejs.org'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ jobs:
           elif [ "${GITHUB_REF_TYPE}" = "tag" ]; then
             TAG="${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}"
           else
-            TAG="$(gh api "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/releases/latest" --jq '.tag_name')"
+            TAG="$(gh api --paginate "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/tags" --jq '.[].name' \
+              | grep -E '^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$' | sort -V | tail -n 1)"
           fi
 
           if ! printf '%s\n' "${TAG}" | grep -qE '^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$'; then
@@ -65,16 +66,19 @@ jobs:
           FORK_OWNER="$(gh api user --jq '.login')"
 
           DEFAULT_BRANCH="$(gh api repos/nodejs/nodejs.org --jq '.default_branch')"
+
+          gh repo sync "${FORK_OWNER}/nodejs.org" --branch "${DEFAULT_BRANCH}" || true
+
           UPSTREAM_SHA="$(gh api "repos/nodejs/nodejs.org/git/ref/heads/${DEFAULT_BRANCH}" --jq '.object.sha')"
 
           # Create or reset branch on fork to upstream HEAD
           if ! gh api "repos/${FORK_OWNER}/nodejs.org/git/refs" \
             -f "ref=refs/heads/${BRANCH}" \
-            -f "sha=${UPSTREAM_SHA}" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+            -f "sha=${UPSTREAM_SHA}" > /dev/null; then
             gh api "repos/${FORK_OWNER}/nodejs.org/git/refs/heads/${BRANCH}" \
               -X PATCH \
               -f "sha=${UPSTREAM_SHA}" \
-              -f "force=true" > /dev/null
+              -F "force=true" > /dev/null
           fi
 
           printf 'fork_owner=%s\n' "${FORK_OWNER}" >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"

.github/workflows/nvm-install-test.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     needs: [matrix]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.ref == 'v0.40.0' }} # https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3405
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -81,12 +80,19 @@ jobs:
           set -e
           export NVM_INSTALL_VERSION="${ref}"
           curl -o- "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/${ref}/install.sh" | bash
+      # v0.40.0 with an .nvmrc present is expected to fail (https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3405):
+      # the steps below tolerate failure for that combination, and the final step
+      # turns the job red only if the expected failure did NOT happen.
       - name: nvm --version
+        id: nvm-version
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.ref == 'v0.40.0' && matrix.has-nvmrc == 'nvmrc' }}
         run: |
           set +e
           . $NVM_DIR/nvm.sh && nvm --version
       - name: nvm install in 1 shell level, ${{ matrix.has-nvmrc }}
+        id: install-1
         if: ${{ matrix.shell-level == '1 shlvl' }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.ref == 'v0.40.0' && matrix.has-nvmrc == 'nvmrc' }}
         run: |
           set -ex
           . $NVM_DIR/nvm.sh
@@ -96,13 +102,29 @@ jobs:
             nvm install
           fi
       - name: nvm install in 2 shell levels, ${{ matrix.has-nvmrc }}
+        id: install-2
         if: ${{ matrix.shell-level == '2 shlvls' }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.ref == 'v0.40.0' && matrix.has-nvmrc == 'nvmrc' }}
         run: |
           if [ '${{ matrix.has-nvmrc }}' == 'nvmrc' ]; then
             bash -c "set -ex && . $NVM_DIR/nvm.sh && echo nvm.sh sourced && nvm --version && nvm install"
           else
             bash -c "set -ex && . $NVM_DIR/nvm.sh && echo nvm.sh sourced && nvm --version"
           fi
+      - name: 'confirm the expected failure happened (v0.40.0 + nvmrc)'
+        if: ${{ matrix.ref == 'v0.40.0' && matrix.has-nvmrc == 'nvmrc' }}
+        env:
+          SOURCE_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.nvm-version.outcome }}
+          INSTALL_1_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.install-1.outcome }}
+          INSTALL_2_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.install-2.outcome }}
+        run: |
+          echo "nvm --version: ${SOURCE_OUTCOME}; install (1 shlvl): ${INSTALL_1_OUTCOME}; install (2 shlvls): ${INSTALL_2_OUTCOME}"
+          if [ "${SOURCE_OUTCOME}" = 'failure' ] || [ "${INSTALL_1_OUTCOME}" = 'failure' ] || [ "${INSTALL_2_OUTCOME}" = 'failure' ]; then
+            echo 'v0.40.0 failed as expected: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3405'
+          else
+            echo '::error::v0.40.0 with an .nvmrc was expected to fail (https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3405), but every step succeeded. If v0.40.0 somehow works now, remove the expected-failure handling from this workflow.'
+            exit 1
+          fi
 
   finisher:
     permissions:

.github/workflows/rebase.yml

@@ -2,16 +2,12 @@ name: Automatic Rebase
 
 on: [pull_request_target]
 
-permissions: read-all
+permissions:
+  contents: write  # for ljharb/rebase to push code to rebase
+  pull-requests: read  # for ljharb/rebase to get info about PR
 
 jobs:
   _:
-    name: "Automatic Rebase"
+    uses: ljharb/actions/.github/workflows/rebase.yml@main
-
+    secrets:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+      token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: ljharb/rebase@master
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/require-allow-edits.yml

@@ -2,10 +2,14 @@ name: Require “Allow Edits”
 
 on: [pull_request_target]
 
-permissions: read-all
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
   _:
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: read  # for ljharb/require-allow-edits to check 'allow edits' on PR
+
     name: "Require “Allow Edits”"
 
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/tests-alpine.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+name: 'Tests: alpine'
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  fast:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    # Native runners per arch (no QEMU): arm64 uses the ubuntu-24.04-arm image.
+    name: 'fast ${{ matrix.arch }} (alpine ${{ matrix.alpine }}, ${{ matrix.shell }})'
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'ubuntu-24.04-arm' || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        alpine:
+          - '3.15'
+          - '3.19'
+          - '3'
+        arch:
+          - x64
+          - arm64
+        shell:
+          - sh
+          - bash
+          - dash
+          - zsh
+          # - ksh (#574)
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@v2
+        with:
+          allowed-endpoints:
+            github.com:443
+            registry.npmjs.org:443
+            raw.githubusercontent.com:443
+            nodejs.org:443
+            iojs.org:443
+            unofficial-builds.nodejs.org:443
+            dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org:443
+            dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org:80
+            registry-1.docker.io:443
+            auth.docker.io:443
+            production.cloudflare.docker.com:443
+            production.cloudfront.docker.com:443
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        id: checkout
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - name: 'nvmrc submodule fallback (forks without their own nvmrc)'
+        if: steps.checkout.outcome == 'failure'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          git submodule set-url test/fixtures/nvmrc https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvmrc.git
+          git submodule sync --recursive
+          git submodule update --init --recursive
+      - uses: ljharb/actions/node/install@main
+        name: 'npm install (on host; node_modules is mounted into the container)'
+        with:
+          node-version: 'lts/*'
+          skip-ls-check: true
+      - run: npm ls urchin
+      - name: 'Run fast tests on Alpine ${{ matrix.alpine }} (${{ matrix.arch }})'
+        run: |
+          for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+            docker pull alpine:${{ matrix.alpine }} && break
+            echo "docker pull failed, attempt $i/5"; sleep $((i * 5))
+          done
+          docker run --rm \
+            -v "${{ github.workspace }}:/workspace" \
+            -w /workspace \
+            -e "TEST_SHELL=${{ matrix.shell }}" \
+            -e "TERM=xterm-256color" \
+            -e "GITHUB_ACTIONS=true" \
+            alpine:${{ matrix.alpine }} \
+            sh -c '
+              set -ex
+              cat /etc/alpine-release; uname -m
+              for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+                apk add --no-cache \
+                  make bash zsh dash \
+                  grep sed gawk coreutils util-linux findutils ncurses \
+                  curl wget ca-certificates openssl tar xz gzip git \
+                  sudo su-exec libstdc++ libgcc && break
+                echo "apk add failed, attempt $i/5"; sleep $((i * 5))
+              done
+              # Mirror the ubuntu runner: run the suite as a non-root user with
+              # passwordless sudo and a PTY so the permission/terminal tests
+              # behave the same. The user takes the mounted checkout uid so
+              # files stay host-owned (no chown; post-checkout cleanup works).
+              # No node is installed, so no active version skews the output.
+              HOST_UID="$(stat -c %u /workspace)"
+              adduser -D -u "$HOST_UID" tester 2>/dev/null || adduser -D tester
+              echo "tester ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/tester
+              chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/tester
+              export NVM_DIR=/workspace HOME=/home/tester
+              unset NVM_BIN NVM_INC NVM_CD_FLAGS
+              su-exec tester script -q -e -c "make TEST_SUITE=fast SHELL=$TEST_SHELL URCHIN=/workspace/node_modules/.bin/urchin test-$TEST_SHELL" /dev/null
+            '
+
+  musl-binary:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    # Regression lock, same-era diagonal only: modern musl node needs a newer
+    # libstdc++ than old Alpine ships, and arm64-musl exists only from
+    # v20.20.1/v22.21.1/v24.9.0 (built on modern Alpine), so arm64 pins modern Alpine.
+    name: 'musl-binary ${{ matrix.arch }} (alpine ${{ matrix.alpine }}, node ${{ matrix.node }})'
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'ubuntu-24.04-arm' || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.10', node: v8.17.0 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.10', node: v10.24.1 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.12', node: v12.22.12 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.15', node: v14.21.3 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.16', node: v16.20.2 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.18', node: v18.20.4 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3.20', node: v20.18.1 }
+          - { arch: x64, alpine: '3', node: v22.12.0 }
+          - { arch: arm64, alpine: '3.20', node: v20.20.1 }
+          - { arch: arm64, alpine: '3', node: v22.21.1 }
+          - { arch: arm64, alpine: '3', node: v24.9.0 }
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@v2
+        with:
+          allowed-endpoints:
+            github.com:443
+            registry.npmjs.org:443
+            unofficial-builds.nodejs.org:443
+            dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org:443
+            dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org:80
+            registry-1.docker.io:443
+            auth.docker.io:443
+            production.cloudflare.docker.com:443
+            production.cloudfront.docker.com:443
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          submodules: false
+      - name: 'Install node ${{ matrix.node }} from a musl binary on Alpine ${{ matrix.alpine }}'
+        run: |
+          for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+            docker pull alpine:${{ matrix.alpine }} && break
+            echo "docker pull failed, attempt $i/5"; sleep $((i * 5))
+          done
+          docker run --rm \
+            -v "${{ github.workspace }}:/workspace" \
+            -w /workspace \
+            -e "NODE_VERSION=${{ matrix.node }}" \
+            -e "TERM=xterm-256color" \
+            alpine:${{ matrix.alpine }} \
+            sh -c '
+              set -ex
+              cat /etc/alpine-release; uname -m
+              # libstdc++/libgcc are load-bearing: the unofficial musl node
+              # binary dynamically links them. No build toolchain: -b forbids
+              # the source fallback, so a missing binary is a hard failure.
+              for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+                apk add --no-cache \
+                  bash ca-certificates curl wget tar xz gzip \
+                  grep sed coreutils libstdc++ libgcc && break
+                echo "apk add failed, attempt $i/5"; sleep $((i * 5))
+              done
+              export NVM_DIR=/workspace
+              unset NVM_BIN NVM_INC NVM_CD_FLAGS
+              # The default nodejs.org mirror serves no -musl artifacts; this one does.
+              export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://unofficial-builds.nodejs.org/download/release
+              . /workspace/nvm.sh --no-use
+              nvm install -b --skip-default-packages "$NODE_VERSION"
+              nvm use "$NODE_VERSION"
+              [ "$(node -v)" = "$NODE_VERSION" ] || { echo "version mismatch: $(node -v)"; exit 1; }
+              node -e "process.exit(0)"
+              ldd "$(command -v node)" | grep -qi musl
+            '
+
+  all:
+    permissions:
+      contents: none
+    name: 'all alpine tests'
+    needs: [fast, musl-binary]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: true

.github/workflows/tests-fast.yml

@@ -47,8 +47,17 @@ jobs:
             production.cloudflare.docker.com:443
             production.cloudfront.docker.com:443
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        id: checkout
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           submodules: true
+      - name: 'nvmrc submodule fallback (forks without their own nvmrc)'
+        if: steps.checkout.outcome == 'failure'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          git submodule set-url test/fixtures/nvmrc https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvmrc.git
+          git submodule sync --recursive
+          git submodule update --init --recursive
       - name: Install zsh, additional shells, and awk variant
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update

.github/workflows/tests-installation-iojs.yml

@@ -39,8 +39,17 @@ jobs:
             azure.archive.ubuntu.com:80
             packages.microsoft.com:443
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        id: checkout
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           submodules: true
+      - name: 'nvmrc submodule fallback (forks without their own nvmrc)'
+        if: steps.checkout.outcome == 'failure'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          git submodule set-url test/fixtures/nvmrc https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvmrc.git
+          git submodule sync --recursive
+          git submodule update --init --recursive
       - name: Install zsh and additional shells
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
@@ -89,11 +98,45 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo apt-get install curl -y
         shell: bash
 
+  installation_iojs_source_compile:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    name: 'actually compile io.js from source (gcc 4.9 container)'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@v2
+        with:
+          allowed-endpoints:
+            github.com:443
+            mirror.gcr.io:443
+            storage.googleapis.com:443
+            iojs.org:443
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      # io.js requires python 2 and gcc <= 5 to compile; the gcc:4.9 image
+      # (debian jessie) has both, plus curl/wget/xz and CA certificates that
+      # still validate iojs.org - so the source-install tests run unmodified,
+      # resolving, downloading, checksumming, and compiling for real.
+      # The image is pulled through Google's Docker Hub mirror: it serves
+      # manifests and blobs from a single stable hostname (Docker Hub's blob
+      # CDN hostnames rotate, which the blocked-egress policy can not allow),
+      # and it is not subject to Docker Hub's anonymous pull rate limits.
+      - name: compile io.js from source, for real
+        run: |
+          docker run --rm -v "${PWD}:/nvm-under-test" -e NVM_DIR=/nvm-under-test mirror.gcr.io/library/gcc:4.9 bash -ec '
+            cd "${NVM_DIR}/test/installation_iojs"
+            sh "./install from source"
+            sh "./install version specified in .nvmrc from source"
+          '
+
   all:
     permissions:
       contents: none
     name: 'all installation_iojs tests'
-    needs: [installation_iojs_without_curl]
+    needs: [installation_iojs_without_curl, installation_iojs_source_compile]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: true

.github/workflows/tests-installation-node.yml

@@ -45,8 +45,17 @@ jobs:
             registry-1.docker.io:443
             auth.docker.io:443
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        id: checkout
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           submodules: true
+      - name: 'nvmrc submodule fallback (forks without their own nvmrc)'
+        if: steps.checkout.outcome == 'failure'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          git submodule set-url test/fixtures/nvmrc https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvmrc.git
+          git submodule sync --recursive
+          git submodule update --init --recursive
       - uses: ljharb/actions/node/install@main
         name: 'npm install && version checks'
         with:

.github/workflows/tests-xenial.yml

@@ -42,8 +42,17 @@ jobs:
             registry-1.docker.io:443
             auth.docker.io:443
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        id: checkout
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           submodules: true
+      - name: 'nvmrc submodule fallback (forks without their own nvmrc)'
+        if: steps.checkout.outcome == 'failure'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          git submodule set-url test/fixtures/nvmrc https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvmrc.git
+          git submodule sync --recursive
+          git submodule update --init --recursive
       - uses: ljharb/actions/node/install@main
         name: 'npm install && version checks'
         with:

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   tests:
     permissions:
-      contents: write
+      contents: read  # for actions/checkout@v6
 
     name: "tests"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/windows-npm.yml

@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ jobs:
           bash.exe "%USERPROFILE%\setup.sh"
 
   wsl_matrix:
+    permissions:
+      contents: none
     continue-on-error: true
     name: 'WSL nvm install'
     defaults:
@@ -187,6 +189,8 @@ jobs:
           node -v
 
   wsl_matrix_unofficial:
+    permissions:
+      contents: none
     continue-on-error: true
     name: 'WSL nvm install'
     defaults:

README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 </a>
 
 
-# Node Version Manager [![Tests](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/actions/workflows/tests-fast.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)][3] [![nvm version](https://img.shields.io/badge/version-v0.40.5-yellow.svg)][4] [![CII Best Practices](https://bestpractices.dev/projects/684/badge)](https://bestpractices.dev/projects/684)
+# Node Version Manager [![Tests](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/actions/workflows/tests-fast.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)][3] [![nvm version](https://img.shields.io/badge/version-v0.40.6-yellow.svg)][4] [![CII Best Practices](https://bestpractices.dev/projects/684/badge)](https://bestpractices.dev/projects/684)
 
 <!-- To update this table of contents, ensure you have run `npm install` then `npm run doctoc` -->
 <!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 - [Usage](#usage)
   - [Long-term Support](#long-term-support)
   - [Migrating Global Packages While Installing](#migrating-global-packages-while-installing)
+  - [Migrating Global Packages Between Installed Versions](#migrating-global-packages-between-installed-versions)
   - [Offline Install](#offline-install)
   - [Default Global Packages From File While Installing](#default-global-packages-from-file-while-installing)
   - [io.js](#iojs)
@@ -105,10 +106,10 @@ nvm is a version manager for [node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/), designed to be i
 
 To **install** or **update** nvm, you should run the [install script][2]. To do that, you may either download and run the script manually, or use the following cURL or Wget command:
 ```sh
-curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
 ```
 ```sh
-wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
 ```
 
 Running either of the above commands downloads a script and runs it. The script clones the nvm repository to `~/.nvm`, and attempts to add the source lines from the snippet below to the correct profile file (`~/.bashrc`, `~/.bash_profile`, `~/.zshrc`, or `~/.profile`). If you find the install script is updating the wrong profile file, set the `$PROFILE` env var to the profile file’s path, and then rerun the installation script.
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ Eg: `curl ... | NVM_DIR="path/to/nvm"`. Ensure that the `NVM_DIR` does not conta
 
 - The installer can use `git`, `curl`, or `wget` to download `nvm`, whichever is available.
 
-- You can instruct the installer to not edit your shell config (for example if you already get completions via a [zsh nvm plugin](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/tree/master/plugins/nvm)) by setting `PROFILE=/dev/null` before running the `install.sh` script. Here's an example one-line command to do that: `PROFILE=/dev/null bash -c 'curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash'`
+- You can instruct the installer to not edit your shell config (for example if you already get completions via a [zsh nvm plugin](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/tree/master/plugins/nvm)) by setting `PROFILE=/dev/null` before running the `install.sh` script. Here's an example one-line command to do that: `PROFILE=/dev/null bash -c 'curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash'`
 
 #### Installing in Docker
 
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ RUN touch "${BASH_ENV}"
 RUN echo '. "${BASH_ENV}"' >> ~/.bashrc
 
 # Download and install nvm
-RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | PROFILE="${BASH_ENV}" bash
+RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | PROFILE="${BASH_ENV}" bash
 RUN echo node > .nvmrc
 RUN nvm install
 ```
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ ARG NODE_VERSION=20
 RUN apt update && apt install curl -y
 
 # install nvm
-RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
 
 # set env
 ENV NVM_DIR=/root/.nvm
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ After creation of the image you can start container interactively and run comman
 docker run --rm -it nvmimage
 
 root@0a6b5a237c14:/# nvm -v
-0.40.5
+0.40.6
 
 root@0a6b5a237c14:/# node -v
 v19.9.0
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ You can use a task:
 ```yaml
 - name: Install nvm
   ansible.builtin.shell: >
-    curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+    curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
   args:
     creates: "{{ ansible_env.HOME }}/.nvm/nvm.sh"
 ```
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ If you have `git` installed (requires git v1.7.10+):
 
 1. clone this repo in the root of your user profile
     - `cd ~/` from anywhere then `git clone https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm.git .nvm`
-1. `cd ~/.nvm` and check out the latest version with `git checkout v0.40.5`
+1. `cd ~/.nvm` and check out the latest version with `git checkout v0.40.6`
 1. activate `nvm` by sourcing it from your shell: `. ./nvm.sh`
 
 Now add these lines to your `~/.bashrc`, `~/.profile`, or `~/.zshrc` file to have it automatically sourced upon login:
@@ -429,6 +430,7 @@ In place of a version pointer like "14.7" or "16.3" or "12.22.1", you can use th
   - `iojs`: this installs the latest version of [`io.js`](https://iojs.org/en/)
   - `stable`: this alias is deprecated, and only truly applies to `node` `v0.12` and earlier. Currently, this is an alias for `node`.
   - `unstable`: this alias points to `node` `v0.11` - the last "unstable" node release, since post-1.0, all node versions are stable. (in SemVer, versions communicate breakage, not stability).
+  - `current`: the version currently active in this shell (i.e. what `node` resolves to via `$PATH`). It is **not** affected by `.nvmrc`. Useful when you want to refer to the active version explicitly &mdash; e.g. `nvm which current` always prints the path to the active `node`, regardless of whether an `.nvmrc` file is present.
 
 ### Long-term Support
 
@@ -482,6 +484,17 @@ nvm install-latest-npm
 
 If you've already gotten an error to the effect of "npm does not support Node.js", you'll need to (1) revert to a previous node version (`nvm ls` & `nvm use <your latest _working_ version from the ls>`), (2) delete the newly created node version (`nvm uninstall <your _broken_ version of node from the ls>`), then (3) rerun your `nvm install` with the `--latest-npm` flag.
 
+### Migrating Global Packages Between Installed Versions
+
+`--reinstall-packages-from` is tied to `nvm install`. To migrate global npm packages between versions you _already_ have installed, without (re)installing anything, `nvm use` the destination and run `nvm reinstall-packages` as a standalone command, pointing at the version you want to copy _from_:
+
+```sh
+nvm use 22.22.2
+nvm reinstall-packages 22.20.0
+```
+
+This reinstalls all global packages from `22.20.0` into the currently-active version (`22.22.2`). As with `--reinstall-packages-from`, the npm version itself is not changed.
+
 
 ### Offline Install
 
@@ -645,7 +658,7 @@ NVM_AUTH_HEADER="Bearer secret-token" nvm install node
 ### .nvmrc
 
 You can create a `.nvmrc` file containing a node version number (or any other string that `nvm` understands; see `nvm --help` for details) in the project root directory (or any parent directory).
-Afterwards, `nvm use`, `nvm install`, `nvm exec`, `nvm run`, and `nvm which` will use the version specified in the `.nvmrc` file if no version is supplied on the command line.
+Afterwards, `nvm use`, `nvm install`, and `nvm which` will use the version specified in the `.nvmrc` file if no version is supplied on the command line; if no `.nvmrc` is found either, they exit with status `127`. (`nvm exec` and `nvm run` follow the same `.nvmrc` lookup, but currently fall back to the active node if neither resolves &mdash; treat that fallback as undefined behavior; pass an explicit version if you need predictable scripting.) If you want the currently active version, pass `current` explicitly (e.g. `nvm which current`) &mdash; `current` is not affected by `.nvmrc`.
 
 For example, to make nvm default to the latest 5.9 release, the latest LTS version, or the latest node version for the current directory:
 
@@ -945,13 +958,13 @@ If installing nvm on Alpine Linux *is* still what you want or need to do, you sh
 ### Alpine Linux 3.13+
 ```sh
 apk add -U curl bash ca-certificates openssl ncurses coreutils python3 make gcc g++ libgcc linux-headers grep util-linux binutils findutils
-curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
 ```
 
 ### Alpine Linux 3.5 - 3.12
 ```sh
 apk add -U curl bash ca-certificates openssl ncurses coreutils python2 make gcc g++ libgcc linux-headers grep util-linux binutils findutils
-curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
 ```
 
 _Note: Alpine 3.5 can only install NodeJS versions up to v6.9.5, Alpine 3.6 can only install versions up to v6.10.3, Alpine 3.7 installs versions up to v8.9.3, Alpine 3.8 installs versions up to v8.14.0, Alpine 3.9 installs versions up to v10.19.0, Alpine 3.10 installs versions up to v10.24.1, Alpine 3.11 installs versions up to v12.22.6, Alpine 3.12 installs versions up to v12.22.12, Alpine 3.13 & 3.14 install versions up to v14.20.0, Alpine 3.15 & 3.16 install versions up to v16.16.0 (**These are all versions on the main branch**). Alpine 3.5 - 3.12 required the package `python2` to build NodeJS, as they are older versions to build. Alpine 3.13+ requires `python3` to successfully build newer NodeJS versions, but you can use `python2` with Alpine 3.13+ if you need to build versions of node supported in Alpine 3.5 - 3.15, you just need to specify what version of NodeJS you need to install in the package install script._
@@ -985,13 +998,13 @@ export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
 
 ## Docker For Development Environment
 
-To make the development and testing work easier, we have a Dockerfile for development usage, which is based on Ubuntu 18.04 base image, prepared with essential and useful tools for `nvm` development, to build the docker image of the environment, run the docker command at the root of `nvm` repository:
+To make development and testing work easier we supply a Dockerfile for development usage. It's based on an Ubuntu base image prepared with essential and useful tools for `nvm` development. To build the docker image of the environment, do a Docker build at the root of `nvm` repository:
 
 ```sh
 $ docker build -t nvm-dev .
 ```
 
-This will package your current nvm repository with our pre-defined development environment into a docker image named `nvm-dev`, once it's built with success, validate your image via `docker images`:
+This will package your current nvm working copy with our pre-defined development environment into a Docker image named `nvm-dev`. After the build you should see it appear in the list of images:
 
 ```sh
 $ docker images
@@ -1000,7 +1013,7 @@ REPOSITORY         TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             S
 nvm-dev            latest              9ca4c57a97d8        7 days ago          650 MB
 ```
 
-If you got no error message, now you can easily involve in:
+To start and enter a container based on this image:
 
 ```sh
 $ docker run -h nvm-dev -it nvm-dev
@@ -1008,12 +1021,9 @@ $ docker run -h nvm-dev -it nvm-dev
 nvm@nvm-dev:~/.nvm$
 ```
 
-Please note that it'll take about 8 minutes to build the image and the image size would be about 650MB, so it's not suitable for production usage.
+It takes several minutes to build the image and the image size is about 650MB, so it's not suitable for production usage.
 
-For more information and documentation about docker, please refer to its official website:
+For more information and documentation about Docker, please refer to its [official website][docker-www] and [documentation][docker-docs]:
-
-  - https://www.docker.com/
-  - https://docs.docker.com/
 
 ## Problems
 
@@ -1054,9 +1064,9 @@ You have to make sure that the user directory name in `$HOME` and the user direc
 To change the user directory and/or account name follow the instructions [here](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201548)
 
 [1]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm.git
-[2]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/blob/v0.40.5/install.sh
+[2]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/blob/v0.40.6/install.sh
 [3]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/actions/workflows/tests-fast.yml
-[4]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/releases/tag/v0.40.5
+[4]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/releases/tag/v0.40.6
 [Urchin]: https://git.sdf.org/tlevine/urchin
 [Fish]: https://fishshell.com
 
@@ -1114,7 +1124,7 @@ Here's what you will need to do:
   If one of these broken versions is installed on your system, the above step will likely still succeed even if you didn't include the `--shared-zlib` flag.
   However, later, when you attempt to `npm install` something using your old version of node.js, you will see `incorrect data check` errors.
   If you want to avoid the possible hassle of dealing with this, include that flag.
-  For more details, see [this issue](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/39313) and [this comment](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/39313#issuecomment-90.40.576)
+  For more details, see [this issue](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/39313) and [this comment](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/39313#issuecomment-90.40.676)
 
 - Exit back to your native shell.
 
@@ -1141,7 +1151,7 @@ Now you should be able to use node as usual.
 If you've encountered this error on WSL-2:
 
   ```sh
-  curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.5/install.sh | bash
+  curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.6/install.sh | bash
   % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                   Dload  Upload  Total   Spent    Left  Speed
   0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:--  0:00:09 --:--:--     0curl: (6) Could not resolve host: raw.githubusercontent.com
@@ -1176,7 +1186,7 @@ Currently, the sole maintainer is [@ljharb](https://github.com/ljharb) - more ma
 
 ## Project Support
 
-Only the latest version (v0.40.5 at this time) is supported.
+Only the latest version (v0.40.6 at this time) is supported.
 
 ## Enterprise Support
 
@@ -1192,3 +1202,7 @@ See [LICENSE.md](./LICENSE.md).
 
 Copyright [OpenJS Foundation](https://openjsf.org) and `nvm` contributors. All rights reserved. The [OpenJS Foundation](https://openjsf.org) has registered trademarks and uses trademarks.  For a list of trademarks of the [OpenJS Foundation](https://openjsf.org), please see our [Trademark Policy](https://trademark-policy.openjsf.org/) and [Trademark List](https://trademark-list.openjsf.org/).  Trademarks and logos not indicated on the [list of OpenJS Foundation trademarks](https://trademark-list.openjsf.org) are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their respective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.
 [The OpenJS Foundation](https://openjsf.org/) | [Terms of Use](https://terms-of-use.openjsf.org/) | [Privacy Policy](https://privacy-policy.openjsf.org/) | [Bylaws](https://bylaws.openjsf.org/) | [Code of Conduct](https://code-of-conduct.openjsf.org) | [Trademark Policy](https://trademark-policy.openjsf.org/) | [Trademark List](https://trademark-list.openjsf.org/) | [Cookie Policy](https://www.linuxfoundation.org/cookies/)
+
+<!-------------------------------------------------------------------->
+[docker-docs]: https://docs.docker.com/
+[docker-www]: https://www.docker.com/

install.sh

@@ -6,6 +6,18 @@ nvm_has() {
   type "$1" > /dev/null 2>&1
 }
 
+# resolves like `command "${1}"` does: only executables on the PATH,
+# ignoring shell functions and aliases
+nvm_has_executable() {
+  (
+    # `|| true` so that shells with errexit-style options (eg, zsh's ERR_RETURN)
+    # do not abort the subshell when the name is not an alias or a function
+    unalias "${1-}" 2>/dev/null || true
+    unset -f "${1-}" 2>/dev/null || true
+    command -v "${1-}" > /dev/null 2>&1
+  )
+}
+
 nvm_echo() {
   command printf %s\\n "$*" 2>/dev/null
 }
@@ -33,7 +45,7 @@ nvm_install_dir() {
 }
 
 nvm_latest_version() {
-  nvm_echo "v0.40.5"
+  nvm_echo "v0.40.6"
 }
 
 nvm_profile_is_bash_or_zsh() {
@@ -105,9 +117,9 @@ nvm_node_version() {
 }
 
 nvm_download() {
-  if nvm_has "curl"; then
+  if nvm_has_executable "curl"; then
-    curl --fail --compressed -q "$@"
+    command curl --fail --compressed -q "$@"
-  elif nvm_has "wget"; then
+  elif nvm_has_executable "wget"; then
     # Emulate curl with wget
     ARGS=$(nvm_echo "$@" | command sed -e 's/--progress-bar /--progress=bar /' \
                             -e 's/--compressed //' \
@@ -119,7 +131,7 @@ nvm_download() {
                             -e 's/-o /-O /' \
                             -e 's/-C - /-c /')
     # shellcheck disable=SC2086
-    eval wget $ARGS
+    eval command wget $ARGS
   fi
 }
 
@@ -401,7 +413,7 @@ nvm_do_install() {
     # Autodetect install method
     if nvm_has git; then
       install_nvm_from_git
-    elif nvm_has curl || nvm_has wget; then
+    elif nvm_has_executable curl || nvm_has_executable wget; then
       install_nvm_as_script
     else
       nvm_echo >&2 'You need git, curl, or wget to install nvm'
@@ -414,7 +426,7 @@ nvm_do_install() {
     fi
     install_nvm_from_git
   elif [ "${METHOD}" = 'script' ]; then
-    if ! nvm_has curl && ! nvm_has wget; then
+    if ! nvm_has_executable curl && ! nvm_has_executable wget; then
       nvm_echo >&2 "You need curl or wget to install nvm"
       exit 1
     fi
@@ -496,7 +508,7 @@ nvm_do_install() {
 # during the execution of the install script
 #
 nvm_reset() {
-  unset -f nvm_has nvm_install_dir nvm_latest_version nvm_profile_is_bash_or_zsh \
+  unset -f nvm_has nvm_has_executable nvm_install_dir nvm_latest_version nvm_profile_is_bash_or_zsh \
     nvm_source nvm_node_version nvm_download install_nvm_from_git nvm_install_node \
     install_nvm_as_script nvm_try_profile nvm_detect_profile nvm_check_global_modules \
     nvm_do_install nvm_reset nvm_default_install_dir nvm_grep

nvm.sh

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 { # this ensures the entire script is downloaded #
 
 # shellcheck disable=SC3028
-NVM_SCRIPT_SOURCE="$_"
+NVM_SCRIPT_SOURCE="${_:-}"
 
 nvm_is_zsh() {
   [ -n "${ZSH_VERSION-}" ]
@@ -49,6 +49,18 @@ nvm_has() {
   type "${1-}" >/dev/null 2>&1
 }
 
+# resolves like `command "${1}"` does: only executables on the PATH,
+# ignoring shell functions and aliases
+nvm_has_executable() {
+  (
+    # `|| true` so that shells with errexit-style options (eg, zsh's ERR_RETURN)
+    # do not abort the subshell when the name is not an alias or a function
+    unalias "${1-}" 2>/dev/null || true
+    unset -f "${1-}" 2>/dev/null || true
+    command -v "${1-}" >/dev/null 2>&1
+  )
+}
+
 nvm_has_non_aliased() {
   nvm_has "${1-}" && ! nvm_is_alias "${1-}"
 }
@@ -87,7 +99,7 @@ nvm_has_colors() {
 }
 
 nvm_curl_libz_support() {
-  curl -V 2>/dev/null | nvm_grep "^Features:" | nvm_grep -q "libz"
+  command curl -V 2>/dev/null | nvm_grep "^Features:" | nvm_grep -q "libz"
 }
 
 nvm_curl_use_compression() {
@@ -97,13 +109,13 @@ nvm_curl_use_compression() {
 nvm_get_latest() {
   local NVM_LATEST_URL
   local CURL_COMPRESSED_FLAG
-  if nvm_has "curl"; then
+  if nvm_has_executable "curl"; then
     if nvm_curl_use_compression; then
       CURL_COMPRESSED_FLAG="--compressed"
     fi
-    NVM_LATEST_URL="$(curl ${CURL_COMPRESSED_FLAG:-} -q -w "%{url_effective}\\n" -L -s -S https://latest.nvm.sh -o /dev/null)"
+    NVM_LATEST_URL="$(command curl ${CURL_COMPRESSED_FLAG:-} -q -w "%{url_effective}\\n" -L -s -S https://latest.nvm.sh -o /dev/null)"
-  elif nvm_has "wget"; then
+  elif nvm_has_executable "wget"; then
-    NVM_LATEST_URL="$(wget -q https://latest.nvm.sh --server-response -O /dev/null 2>&1 | command awk '/^  Location: /{DEST=$2} END{ print DEST }')"
+    NVM_LATEST_URL="$(command wget -q https://latest.nvm.sh --server-response -O /dev/null 2>&1 | command awk '/^  Location: /{DEST=$2} END{ print DEST }')"
   else
     nvm_err 'nvm needs curl or wget to proceed.'
     return 1
@@ -127,13 +139,13 @@ nvm_download() {
 
   local NVM_DOWNLOADER
   NVM_DOWNLOADER=''
-  if nvm_has "curl"; then
+  if nvm_has_executable "curl"; then
     NVM_DOWNLOADER='curl'
     set -- -q --fail "$@"
     if nvm_curl_use_compression; then
       set -- --compressed "$@"
     fi
-  elif nvm_has "wget"; then
+  elif nvm_has_executable "wget"; then
     NVM_DOWNLOADER='wget'
     # Emulate curl with wget
     local NVM_DOWNLOAD_WGET_COUNT
@@ -170,12 +182,17 @@ nvm_download() {
     set -- "$@" --header "Authorization: ${sanitized_header}"
   fi
 
-  "${NVM_DOWNLOADER}" "$@"
+  command "${NVM_DOWNLOADER}" "$@"
 }
 
 nvm_sanitize_auth_header() {
-    # Remove potentially dangerous characters
+    # Remove potentially dangerous characters; allow the full base64 (A-Za-z0-9+/=)
-    nvm_echo "$1" | command sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9:;_. -]//g'
+    # and base64url (A-Za-z0-9-_=) charsets, plus the space, colon, dot, and
+    # underscore the previous allowlist already permitted, so that values like
+    # `Basic <base64>` and `Bearer <token>` survive intact.
+    # token68's '~' is still stripped.
+    # Note: '-' must be at the end of the bracket expression to be treated as a literal.
+    nvm_echo "$1" | command sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9 :_.+/=-]//g'
 }
 
 nvm_has_system_node() {
@@ -548,12 +565,12 @@ ${1}"
 $(nvm_wrap_with_color_code 'y' "${warn_text}")"
 }
 
-nvm_process_nvmrc() {
+nvm_process_nvmrc_content() {
-  local NVMRC_PATH
+  local NVMRC_CONTENT
-  NVMRC_PATH="$1"
+  NVMRC_CONTENT="${1-}"
   local lines
 
-  lines=$(command sed 's/#.*//' "$NVMRC_PATH" | command sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]*$//' | nvm_grep -v '^$')
+  lines=$(nvm_echo "${NVMRC_CONTENT}" | command sed 's/#.*//' | command sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]*$//' | nvm_grep -v '^$')
 
   if [ -z "$lines" ]; then
     nvm_nvmrc_invalid_msg "${lines}"
@@ -617,12 +634,19 @@ EOF
   nvm_echo "${unpaired_line}"
 }
 
+nvm_process_nvmrc() {
+  local NVMRC_PATH
+  NVMRC_PATH="$1"
+
+  nvm_process_nvmrc_content "$(command cat "${NVMRC_PATH}")"
+}
+
 nvm_rc_version() {
   local NVMRC_PATH
   NVMRC_PATH="$(nvm_find_nvmrc)"
   if [ ! -e "${NVMRC_PATH}" ]; then
     if [ "${NVM_SILENT:-0}" -ne 1 ]; then
-      nvm_err "No .nvmrc file found"
+      nvm_err "No version provided and no .nvmrc file found"
     fi
     return 1
   fi
@@ -649,7 +673,7 @@ nvm_clang_version() {
 }
 
 nvm_curl_version() {
-  curl -V | command awk '{ if ($1 == "curl") print $2 }' | command sed 's/-.*$//g'
+  command curl -V | command awk '{ if ($1 == "curl") print $2 }' | command sed 's/-.*$//g'
 }
 
 nvm_version_greater() {
@@ -1259,6 +1283,13 @@ nvm_make_alias() {
     nvm_err "an alias target version is required"
     return 2
   fi
+  # slashes are legal (eg `lts/iron`), but a `..` component would escape the alias dir
+  case "/${ALIAS}/" in
+    */../*)
+      nvm_err "invalid alias name: ${ALIAS}"
+      return 3
+    ;;
+  esac
   nvm_echo "${VERSION}" | tee "$(nvm_alias_path)/${ALIAS}" >/dev/null
 }
 
@@ -1343,7 +1374,24 @@ nvm_alias() {
     return 2
   fi
 
-  command sed 's/#.*//; s/[[:space:]]*$//' "${NVM_ALIAS_PATH}" | command awk 'NF'
+  if [ ! -r "${NVM_ALIAS_PATH}" ]; then
+    # an existing-but-unreadable alias file yields empty output with a success
+    # status - a nonzero status here would make `nvm_ensure_default_set`
+    # overwrite an existing default alias it merely could not read
+    nvm_err "Alias file is not readable: ${NVM_ALIAS_PATH}"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  local NVM_ALIAS_LINE
+  while IFS= read -r NVM_ALIAS_LINE || [ -n "${NVM_ALIAS_LINE}" ]; do
+    NVM_ALIAS_LINE="${NVM_ALIAS_LINE%%#*}"
+    case "${NVM_ALIAS_LINE}" in
+      *[![:space:]]*) ;;
+      *) continue ;;
+    esac
+    NVM_ALIAS_LINE="${NVM_ALIAS_LINE%"${NVM_ALIAS_LINE##*[![:space:]]}"}"
+    nvm_echo "${NVM_ALIAS_LINE}"
+  done < "${NVM_ALIAS_PATH}"
 }
 
 nvm_ls_current() {
@@ -1376,24 +1424,32 @@ nvm_resolve_alias() {
   local ALIAS
   ALIAS="${PATTERN}"
   local ALIAS_TEMP
+  local ALIAS_OUTPUT
 
   local SEEN_ALIASES
-  SEEN_ALIASES="${ALIAS}"
+  SEEN_ALIASES="
-  local NVM_ALIAS_INDEX
+${ALIAS}
-  NVM_ALIAS_INDEX=1
+"
   while true; do
-    ALIAS_TEMP="$( (nvm_alias "${ALIAS}" 2>/dev/null | command head -n "${NVM_ALIAS_INDEX}" | command tail -n 1) || nvm_echo)"
+    ALIAS_OUTPUT="$(nvm_alias "${ALIAS}" 2>/dev/null)" || ALIAS_OUTPUT=''
+    ALIAS_TEMP="${ALIAS_OUTPUT%%
+*}"
 
     if [ -z "${ALIAS_TEMP}" ]; then
       break
     fi
 
-    if command printf '%b' "${SEEN_ALIASES}" | nvm_grep -q -e "^${ALIAS_TEMP}$"; then
+    case "${SEEN_ALIASES}" in
-      ALIAS="∞"
+      *"
-      break
+${ALIAS_TEMP}
-    fi
+"*)
+        ALIAS="∞"
+        break
+      ;;
+    esac
 
-    SEEN_ALIASES="${SEEN_ALIASES}\\n${ALIAS_TEMP}"
+    SEEN_ALIASES="${SEEN_ALIASES}${ALIAS_TEMP}
+"
     ALIAS="${ALIAS_TEMP}"
   done
 
@@ -1474,6 +1530,17 @@ nvm_strip_iojs_prefix() {
 nvm_ls() {
   local PATTERN
   PATTERN="${1-}"
+  case "${PATTERN}" in
+    *'#'* | *'
+'*)
+      local NVMRC_PATTERN
+      if ! NVMRC_PATTERN="$(nvm_process_nvmrc_content "${PATTERN}" 2>/dev/null)"; then
+        nvm_echo 'N/A'
+        return 3
+      fi
+      PATTERN="${NVMRC_PATTERN}"
+    ;;
+  esac
   local VERSIONS
   VERSIONS=''
   if [ "${PATTERN}" = 'current' ]; then
@@ -1737,6 +1804,7 @@ nvm_ls_remote_index_tab() {
   command mkdir -p "$(nvm_alias_path)/lts"
   { command awk '{
         if ($10 ~ /^\-?$/) { next }
+        if (tolower($10) !~ /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*$/) { next }
         if ($10 && !a[tolower($10)]++) {
           if (alias) { print alias, version }
           alias_name = "lts/" tolower($10)
@@ -2171,6 +2239,7 @@ nvm_get_arch() {
     x86_64 | amd64) NVM_ARCH="x64" ;;
     i*86) NVM_ARCH="x86" ;;
     aarch64 | armv8l) NVM_ARCH="arm64" ;;
+    loongarch64) NVM_ARCH="loong64" ;;
     *) NVM_ARCH="${HOST_ARCH}" ;;
   esac
 
@@ -2190,10 +2259,12 @@ nvm_get_arch() {
     HOST_ARCH=armv7l
   fi
 
-  if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
+  if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ] && [ "_${NVM_OS}" = "_linux" ]; then
-    # Alpine Linux uses musl libc; only x64-musl binaries are available
+    # Alpine Linux uses musl libc; map to musl variants where available
+    # See https://unofficial-builds.nodejs.org/download/release/
     case "${NVM_ARCH}" in
       x64) NVM_ARCH=x64-musl ;;
+      arm64) NVM_ARCH=arm64-musl ;;
     esac
   fi
 
@@ -2438,15 +2509,10 @@ nvm_get_download_slug() {
     fi
   fi
 
-  # If running MAC M1 :: Node v14.17.0 was the first version to offer official experimental support:
+  # If running MAC M1 :: ARM64 binaries are not available for Node < 16.0.0
-  # https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/40126 (although binary distributions aren't available until v16)
+  # https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/40126 (binary distributions aren't available until v16)
-  if \
+  if nvm_version_greater '16.0.0' "${VERSION}" && [ "_${NVM_OS}" = '_darwin' ] && [ "${NVM_ARCH}" = 'arm64' ]; then
-    nvm_version_greater '14.17.0' "${VERSION}" \
+    NVM_ARCH=x64
-    || (nvm_version_greater_than_or_equal_to "${VERSION}" '15.0.0' && nvm_version_greater '16.0.0' "${VERSION}") \
-  ; then
-    if [ "_${NVM_OS}" = '_darwin' ] && [ "${NVM_ARCH}" = 'arm64' ]; then
-      NVM_ARCH=x64
-    fi
   fi
 
   if [ "${KIND}" = 'binary' ]; then
@@ -3107,21 +3173,28 @@ nvm_cache_dir() {
 nvm_ls_cached() {
   local PATTERN
   PATTERN="${1-}"
-  local CACHE_BIN_DIR
+  local NVM_CACHE_DIR
-  CACHE_BIN_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)/bin"
+  NVM_CACHE_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)"
-  if [ ! -d "${CACHE_BIN_DIR}" ]; then
-    return
-  fi
   local NVM_OS
   NVM_OS="$(nvm_get_os)"
   local NVM_ARCH
   NVM_ARCH="$(nvm_get_arch)"
   local SUFFIX
   SUFFIX="${NVM_OS}-${NVM_ARCH}"
-  # shellcheck disable=SC2010
+  {
-  command ls -1 "${CACHE_BIN_DIR}" \
+    if [ -d "${NVM_CACHE_DIR}/bin" ]; then
-    | nvm_grep "^node-v.*-${SUFFIX}\$" \
+      # shellcheck disable=SC2010
-    | command sed "s/^node-\\(v[0-9][0-9.]*\\)-${SUFFIX}\$/\\1/" \
+      command ls -1 "${NVM_CACHE_DIR}/bin" \
+        | nvm_grep "^\\(node\\|iojs\\)-v[0-9][0-9.]*-${SUFFIX}\$" \
+        | command sed "s/-${SUFFIX}\$//"
+    fi
+    if [ -d "${NVM_CACHE_DIR}/src" ]; then
+      # shellcheck disable=SC2010
+      command ls -1 "${NVM_CACHE_DIR}/src" \
+        | nvm_grep "^\\(node\\|iojs\\)-v[0-9][0-9.]*\$"
+    fi
+  } \
+    | command sed 's/^node-//' \
     | nvm_grep "$(nvm_ensure_version_prefix "${PATTERN}")" \
     | command sort -t. -u -k 1.2,1n -k 2,2n -k 3,3n
 }
@@ -3222,7 +3295,7 @@ nvm() {
         nvm_echo '  nvm --help                                  Show this message'
         nvm_echo '    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output'
         nvm_echo '  nvm --version                               Print out the installed version of nvm'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm install [<version>]                     Download and install a <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm install [<version>]                     Download and install a <version>. Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'
         nvm_echo '   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm install`:'
         nvm_echo '    -s                                        Skip binary download, install from source only.'
         nvm_echo '    -b                                        Skip source download, install from binary only.'
@@ -3239,23 +3312,23 @@ nvm() {
         nvm_echo '  nvm uninstall <version>                     Uninstall a version'
         nvm_echo '  nvm uninstall --lts                         Uninstall using automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.'
         nvm_echo '  nvm uninstall --lts=<LTS name>              Uninstall using automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm use [<version>]                         Modify PATH to use <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm use [current | <version>]               Modify PATH to use <version>. Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'
         nvm_echo '   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm use`:'
         nvm_echo '    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output'
         nvm_echo '    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.'
         nvm_echo '    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.'
         nvm_echo '    --save                                    Writes the specified version to .nvmrc.'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm exec [<version>] [<command>]            Run <command> on <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm exec [current | <version>] [<command>]  Run <command> on <version>. Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'
         nvm_echo '   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm exec`:'
         nvm_echo '    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output'
         nvm_echo '    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.'
         nvm_echo '    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm run [<version>] [<args>]                Run `node` on <version> with <args> as arguments. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm run [current | <version>] [<args>]      Run `node` on <version> with <args> as arguments. Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'
         nvm_echo '   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm run`:'
         nvm_echo '    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output'
         nvm_echo '    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.'
         nvm_echo '    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm current                                 Display currently activated version of Node'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm current                                 Display the active node version (resolved via $PATH; not affected by .nvmrc).'
         nvm_echo '  nvm ls [<version>]                          List installed versions, matching a given <version> if provided'
         nvm_echo '    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output'
         nvm_echo '    --no-alias                                Suppress `nvm alias` output'
@@ -3276,7 +3349,7 @@ nvm() {
         nvm_echo '  nvm install-latest-npm                      Attempt to upgrade to the latest working `npm` on the current node version'
         nvm_echo '  nvm reinstall-packages <version>            Reinstall global `npm` packages contained in <version> to current version'
         nvm_echo '  nvm unload                                  Unload `nvm` from shell'
-        nvm_echo '  nvm which [current | <version>]             Display path to installed node version. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.'
+        nvm_echo '  nvm which [current | <version>]             Display path to installed node version. Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'
         nvm_echo '    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output when a version is omitted'
         nvm_echo '  nvm cache dir                               Display path to the cache directory for nvm'
         nvm_echo '  nvm cache clear                             Empty cache directory for nvm'
@@ -3338,7 +3411,9 @@ nvm() {
           fi
         ;;
         *)
-          >&2 nvm --help
+          nvm_err 'Usage: nvm cache dir'
+          nvm_err '       nvm cache clear'
+          nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
           return 127
         ;;
       esac
@@ -3572,7 +3647,7 @@ nvm() {
         esac
       done
 
-      if [ "${NVM_OFFLINE}" != 1 ] && ! nvm_has "curl" && ! nvm_has "wget"; then
+      if [ "${NVM_OFFLINE}" != 1 ] && ! nvm_has_executable "curl" && ! nvm_has_executable "wget"; then
         nvm_err 'nvm needs curl or wget to proceed.'
         return 1
       fi
@@ -3594,7 +3669,9 @@ nvm() {
         else
           { provided_version="$(nvm_rc_version 3>&1 1>&4)"; } 4>&1
           if [ $version_not_provided -eq 1 ] && [ -z "${provided_version}" ]; then
-            >&2 nvm --help
+            nvm_err 'Usage: nvm install [<version>]'
+            nvm_err '  Provide a <version>, or run from a directory containing an .nvmrc file.'
+            nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
             return 127
           fi
         fi
@@ -3732,10 +3809,10 @@ nvm() {
             nvm install-latest-npm
             EXIT_CODE=$?
           fi
-          if [ $EXIT_CODE -ne 0 ] && [ -z "${SKIP_DEFAULT_PACKAGES-}" ]; then
+          if [ $EXIT_CODE -eq 0 ] && [ -z "${SKIP_DEFAULT_PACKAGES-}" ]; then
             nvm_install_default_packages
           fi
-          if [ $EXIT_CODE -ne 0 ] && [ -n "${REINSTALL_PACKAGES_FROM-}" ] && [ "_${REINSTALL_PACKAGES_FROM}" != "_N/A" ]; then
+          if [ $EXIT_CODE -eq 0 ] && [ -n "${REINSTALL_PACKAGES_FROM-}" ] && [ "_${REINSTALL_PACKAGES_FROM}" != "_N/A" ]; then
             nvm reinstall-packages "${REINSTALL_PACKAGES_FROM}"
             EXIT_CODE=$?
           fi
@@ -3753,7 +3830,7 @@ nvm() {
           EXIT_CODE=$?
         fi
 
-        if [ $EXIT_CODE -ne 0 ] && [ -n "${ALIAS-}" ]; then
+        if [ $EXIT_CODE -eq 0 ] && [ -n "${ALIAS-}" ]; then
           nvm alias "${ALIAS}" "${provided_version}"
           EXIT_CODE=$?
         fi
@@ -3852,7 +3929,10 @@ nvm() {
     ;;
     "uninstall")
       if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err 'Usage: nvm uninstall <version>'
+        nvm_err '       nvm uninstall --lts'
+        nvm_err '       nvm uninstall --lts=<LTS name>'
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
 
@@ -4041,7 +4121,9 @@ nvm() {
       fi
 
       if [ -z "${VERSION}" ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err 'Usage: nvm use [<version>]'
+        nvm_err '  Provide a <version>, or run from a directory containing an .nvmrc file.'
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
 
@@ -4165,7 +4247,9 @@ nvm() {
           VERSION="$(nvm_version "${NVM_RC_VERSION}")" ||:
         fi
         if [ "${VERSION:-N/A}" = 'N/A' ]; then
-          >&2 nvm --help
+          nvm_err 'Usage: nvm run [<version>] [<args>]'
+          nvm_err '  Provide a <version>, or run from a directory containing an .nvmrc file.'
+          nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
           return 127
         fi
       fi
@@ -4179,6 +4263,14 @@ nvm() {
             if [ $has_checked_nvmrc -ne 1 ]; then
               { NVM_RC_VERSION="$(NVM_SILENT="${NVM_SILENT:-0}" nvm_rc_version 3>&1 1>&4)"; } 4>&1 && has_checked_nvmrc=1
             fi
+            if [ -z "${NVM_RC_VERSION-}" ]; then
+              if [ "${NVM_SILENT:-0}" -ne 1 ]; then
+                nvm_err 'WARNING: `nvm run` was invoked without a version argument and without an .nvmrc file.'
+                nvm_err '  Falling back to the active node version; this will become an error in a future release.'
+                nvm_err '  Pass `current` explicitly (e.g. `nvm run current ...`) to silence this warning.'
+              fi
+              NVM_RC_VERSION="$(nvm_version current)" ||:
+            fi
             provided_version="${NVM_RC_VERSION}"
             IS_VERSION_FROM_NVMRC=1
             VERSION="$(nvm_version "${NVM_RC_VERSION}")" ||:
@@ -4236,19 +4328,36 @@ nvm() {
 
       local provided_version
       provided_version="$1"
+      local VERSION_SOURCE
+      VERSION_SOURCE=''
       if [ "${NVM_LTS-}" != '' ]; then
         provided_version="lts/${NVM_LTS:-*}"
         VERSION="${provided_version}"
+        VERSION_SOURCE='lts'
       elif [ -n "${provided_version}" ]; then
         VERSION="$(nvm_version "${provided_version}")" ||:
         if [ "_${VERSION}" = '_N/A' ] && ! nvm_is_valid_version "${provided_version}"; then
           { provided_version="$(NVM_SILENT="${NVM_SILENT:-0}" nvm_rc_version 3>&1 1>&4)"; } 4>&1 && has_checked_nvmrc=1
           VERSION="$(nvm_version "${provided_version}")" ||:
+          if [ -n "${provided_version}" ]; then
+            VERSION_SOURCE='nvmrc'
+          fi
         else
+          VERSION_SOURCE='arg'
           shift
         fi
       fi
 
+      if [ -z "${VERSION_SOURCE}" ]; then
+        if [ "${NVM_SILENT:-0}" -ne 1 ]; then
+          nvm_err 'WARNING: `nvm exec` was invoked without a version argument and without an .nvmrc file.'
+          nvm_err '  Falling back to the active node version; this will become an error in a future release.'
+          nvm_err '  Pass `current` explicitly (e.g. `nvm exec current ...`) to silence this warning.'
+        fi
+        provided_version='current'
+        VERSION="$(nvm_version current)" ||:
+      fi
+
       nvm_ensure_version_installed "${provided_version}"
       EXIT_CODE=$?
       if [ "${EXIT_CODE}" != "0" ]; then
@@ -4383,7 +4492,9 @@ nvm() {
         VERSION="${provided_version-}"
       fi
       if [ -z "${VERSION}" ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err 'Usage: nvm which [current | <version>]'
+        nvm_err '  Provide a <version>, or run from a directory containing an .nvmrc file.'
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
 
@@ -4480,7 +4591,8 @@ nvm() {
       NVM_ALIAS_DIR="$(nvm_alias_path)"
       command mkdir -p "${NVM_ALIAS_DIR}"
       if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err 'Usage: nvm unalias <name>'
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
       if [ "${1#*\/}" != "${1-}" ]; then
@@ -4517,7 +4629,8 @@ nvm() {
     ;;
     "install-latest-npm")
       if [ $# -ne 0 ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err 'Usage: nvm install-latest-npm'
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
 
@@ -4525,7 +4638,8 @@ nvm() {
     ;;
     "reinstall-packages" | "copy-packages")
       if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
-        >&2 nvm --help
+        nvm_err "Usage: nvm ${COMMAND} <version>"
+        nvm_err '  Run `nvm --help` for full help.'
         return 127
       fi
 
@@ -4623,7 +4737,7 @@ nvm() {
       NVM_VERSION_ONLY=true NVM_LTS="${NVM_LTS-}" nvm_remote_version "${PATTERN:-node}"
     ;;
     "--version" | "-v")
-      nvm_echo '0.40.5'
+      nvm_echo '0.40.6'
     ;;
     "unload")
       nvm deactivate >/dev/null 2>&1
@@ -4652,7 +4766,7 @@ nvm() {
         nvm_version_greater nvm_version_greater_than_or_equal_to \
         nvm_print_npm_version nvm_install_latest_npm nvm_npm_global_modules \
         nvm_has_system_node nvm_has_system_iojs \
-        nvm_download nvm_get_latest nvm_has nvm_install_default_packages nvm_get_default_packages \
+        nvm_download nvm_get_latest nvm_has nvm_has_executable nvm_install_default_packages nvm_get_default_packages \
         nvm_curl_use_compression nvm_curl_version \
         nvm_auto nvm_supports_xz \
         nvm_echo nvm_err nvm_grep nvm_cd \
@@ -4668,7 +4782,7 @@ nvm() {
         nvm_get_colors nvm_set_colors nvm_print_color_code nvm_wrap_with_color_code nvm_format_help_message_colors \
         nvm_echo_with_colors nvm_err_with_colors \
         nvm_get_artifact_compression nvm_install_binary_extract nvm_extract_tarball \
-        nvm_process_nvmrc nvm_nvmrc_invalid_msg \
+        nvm_process_nvmrc nvm_process_nvmrc_content nvm_nvmrc_invalid_msg \
         nvm_write_nvmrc \
         >/dev/null 2>&1
       unset NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR NVM_IOJS_ORG_MIRROR NVM_DIR \

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "nvm",
-  "version": "0.40.5",
+  "version": "0.40.6",
   "description": "Node Version Manager - Simple bash script to manage multiple active node.js versions",
   "directories": {
     "test": "test"
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     "test/installation/node": "shell=$(basename -- $(ps -o comm= $(ps -o ppid= -p $PPID)) | sed 's/^-//'); make TEST_SUITE=installation_node test-$shell",
     "test/installation/iojs": "shell=$(basename -- $(ps -o comm= $(ps -o ppid= -p $PPID)) | sed 's/^-//'); make TEST_SUITE=installation_iojs test-$shell",
     "test/sourcing": "shell=$(basename -- $(ps -o comm= $(ps -o ppid= -p $PPID)) | sed 's/^-//'); make TEST_SUITE=sourcing test-$shell",
-    "test:check-exec": "(IFS=$'\\n'; for file in $(git ls-files test); do if [ ! -x \"$file\" ] && [[ \"$file\" != *.* ]] && [[ \"$file\" != test/fixtures/* ]]; then echo \"$file\"; fi; done) | tee /dev/stderr | awk 'END {if (NR > 0) exit 1}'",
+    "test:check-exec": "git -c core.quotePath=false ls-files test | while IFS= read -r file; do if [ ! -x \"$file\" ]; then case \"$file\" in test/fixtures/*|*.json|*.txt|*.sh|*.js|*.log|*.tab|*.gitkeep) ;; *) echo \"$file\" ;; esac; fi; done | tee /dev/stderr | awk 'END {if (NR > 0) exit 1}'",
     "test:check-nonexec": "(IFS=$'\\n'; for file in $(git ls-files test); do if [ -x \"$file\" ] && [ ! -d \"$file\" ] && { [[ \"$file\" =~ '\\.(json|txt|sh|js|log)$' ]] || [[ \"$file\" =~ '^test/(mocks|fixtures)/.*' ]]; }; then echo \"$file\"; fi; done) | tee /dev/stderr | awk 'END {if (NR > 0) exit 1}'",
     "doctoc": "doctoc --title='## Table of Contents' --github README.md",
     "predoctoc:check": "cp README.md v-README.md.orig && npm run doctoc",
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@
   "homepage": "https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm",
   "devDependencies": {
     "dockerfile_lint": "^0.3.4",
-    "doctoc": "^2.2.1",
+    "doctoc": "^2.5.0",
     "eclint": "^2.8.1",
     "markdown-link-check": "^3.14.2",
     "replace": "^1.2.2",
-    "semver": "^7.7.3",
+    "semver": "^7.8.5",
     "urchin": "^0.0.5"
   }
 }

test/common.sh

@@ -50,6 +50,39 @@ make_echo() {
   chmod a+x "$1"
 }
 
+# `command curl` bypasses shell functions and aliases, so tests that mock curl
+# must provide an actual executable on the PATH: this creates one in the given
+# directory. Invoked as `curl -V`, it prints ${VERSION_MESSAGE} (exported here
+# on the mock's behalf); any other invocation runs the body given as the
+# second argument, or fails.
+make_fake_curl() {
+  local FAKE_BIN_DIR
+  FAKE_BIN_DIR="${1-}"
+  [ -n "${FAKE_BIN_DIR}" ] || return 1
+
+  local FAKE_CURL_BODY
+  FAKE_CURL_BODY="${2-}"
+  if [ -z "${FAKE_CURL_BODY}" ]; then
+    FAKE_CURL_BODY='echo >&2 "This fake curl only takes one parameter, -V"
+exit 1'
+  fi
+
+  mkdir -p "${FAKE_BIN_DIR}" || return 2
+
+  {
+    echo '#!/bin/sh'
+    echo 'if [ "$#" -eq 1 ] && [ "$1" = "-V" ]; then'
+    echo '  echo "${VERSION_MESSAGE}"'
+    echo '  exit 0'
+    echo 'fi'
+    printf '%s\n' "${FAKE_CURL_BODY}"
+  } > "${FAKE_BIN_DIR}/curl"
+  chmod +x "${FAKE_BIN_DIR}/curl"
+
+  # the fake curl reads VERSION_MESSAGE from the environment
+  export VERSION_MESSAGE
+}
+
 make_fake_node() {
   local VERSION
   VERSION="${1-}"

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles alias with spaces in name

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file whose name contains spaces
+mkdir -p ../../../alias
+printf 'v22.1.0\n' > "../../../alias/test edge spaces"
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias "test edge spaces")"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f "../../../alias/test edge spaces"

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles binary data after version

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file where the first line has a valid version
+# followed by a second line of binary-like data
+printf 'v22.1.0\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-binary
+printf '\001\002\003\377\n' >> ../../../alias/test-edge-binary
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-binary)"
+# nvm_alias emits every non-blank, non-comment line — first line should be the version
+FIRST_LINE="$(nvm_echo "${ACTUAL}" | command head -n 1)"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${FIRST_LINE}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected first line >${EXPECTED}<, got >${FIRST_LINE}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-binary

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles carriage return

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with Windows-style line endings (CRLF)
+printf 'v22.1.0\r\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-cr
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-cr)"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+# Create an alias file with bare carriage return (no newline)
+printf 'v22.2.0\r' > ../../../alias/test-edge-cr-bare
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-cr-bare)"
+EXPECTED='v22.2.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for bare CR, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-cr ../../../alias/test-edge-cr-bare

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles comment-only alias file

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file containing only comments
+printf '# this is a comment\n# another comment\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-comments
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-comments 2>/dev/null)"
+EXIT_CODE="$(nvm_alias test-edge-comments 2>/dev/null; echo $?)"
+[ -z "${ACTUAL}" ] || die "expected empty output for comment-only alias file, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+[ "${EXIT_CODE}" = '0' ] || die "expected exit code 0, got ${EXIT_CODE}"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-comments

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles embedded NUL

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with an embedded NUL byte after the version.
+# NUL handling varies by shell: some stop at NUL, others read through it.
+# The function must not crash, and must emit output starting with the version.
+printf 'v22.1.0\000garbage\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-nul
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-nul)"
+EXIT_CODE=$?
+[ "${EXIT_CODE}" = '0' ] || die "expected exit code 0, got ${EXIT_CODE}"
+case "${ACTUAL}" in
+  v22.1.0*) ;; # OK — starts with the version regardless of NUL handling
+  *) die "expected output starting with >v22.1.0<, got >${ACTUAL}<" ;;
+esac
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-nul

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles empty alias file

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an empty alias file
+printf '' > ../../../alias/test-edge-empty
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-empty 2>/dev/null)"
+EXIT_CODE="$(nvm_alias test-edge-empty 2>/dev/null; echo $?)"
+[ -z "${ACTUAL}" ] || die "expected empty output for empty alias file, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+[ "${EXIT_CODE}" = '0' ] || die "expected exit code 0, got ${EXIT_CODE}"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-empty

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles form feed and vertical tab

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with trailing form feed
+printf 'v22.1.0\f\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-ff
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-ff)"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for form feed, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+# Create an alias file with trailing vertical tab
+printf 'v22.2.0\v\n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-vt
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-vt)"
+EXPECTED='v22.2.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for vertical tab, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-ff ../../../alias/test-edge-vt

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles no trailing newline

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with no trailing newline
+printf 'v22.1.0' > ../../../alias/test-edge-no-newline
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-no-newline)"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-no-newline

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles unreadable alias file

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+cleanup() {
+  chmod 644 ../../../alias/test-edge-unreadable 2>/dev/null
+  rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-unreadable
+}
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file that exists but can not be read
+echo 'v0.0.1' > ../../../alias/test-edge-unreadable
+chmod 000 ../../../alias/test-edge-unreadable
+
+# root (and some containers) can read mode-000 files; nothing to assert there
+if [ -r ../../../alias/test-edge-unreadable ]; then
+  cleanup
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# like the sed/awk pipeline this replaced: empty output, success status, so
+# that `nvm_ensure_default_set` does not overwrite an unreadable default alias
+OUTPUT="$(nvm_alias test-edge-unreadable 2>/dev/null)"
+EXIT_CODE=$?
+[ "${EXIT_CODE}" = '0' ] || die "expected exit code 0 for unreadable alias file, got ${EXIT_CODE}"
+[ -z "${OUTPUT}" ] || die "expected empty output for unreadable alias file, got >${OUTPUT}<"
+
+STDERR="$(nvm_alias test-edge-unreadable 2>&1 >/dev/null)"
+case "${STDERR}" in
+  *'not readable'*) ;;
+  *) die "expected a not-readable warning on stderr, got >${STDERR}<" ;;
+esac
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias handles very long line

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with a very long line (version followed by a long comment)
+LONG_COMMENT="$(printf '%0*d' 10000 0 | command tr '0' 'x')"
+printf 'v22.1.0 #%s\n' "${LONG_COMMENT}" > ../../../alias/test-edge-long
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-long)"
+EXPECTED='v22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-long

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_alias strips trailing whitespace

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias file with trailing spaces and tabs
+printf '22.1.0   \t \n' > ../../../alias/test-edge-trailing-ws
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_alias test-edge-trailing-ws)"
+EXPECTED='22.1.0'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-trailing-ws

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_resolve_alias handles cycles

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# 1-hop self-reference: alias points to itself
+echo 'self' > '../../../alias/self'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias self)"
+EXPECTED='∞'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for self-reference, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f '../../../alias/self'
+
+# Multi-hop loop: link1 -> link2 -> link3 -> link1
+echo 'link2' > '../../../alias/link1'
+echo 'link3' > '../../../alias/link2'
+echo 'link1' > '../../../alias/link3'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias link1)"
+EXPECTED='∞'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for 3-hop cycle, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f '../../../alias/link1' '../../../alias/link2' '../../../alias/link3'
+
+# Cycle through an alias name containing a space
+echo 'midway' > '../../../alias/foo bar'
+echo 'foo bar' > '../../../alias/midway'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias 'foo bar')"
+EXPECTED='∞'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for space-name cycle, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f '../../../alias/foo bar' '../../../alias/midway'
+
+# Non-cycle through an alias name containing a space.
+# Guards the newline-delimited SEEN_ALIASES storage: with space- or
+# token-delimited storage, seen name 'foo bar' would falsely match 'bar'.
+# Resolves: 'foo bar' -> 'midway' -> 'bar' -> 0.0.99
+echo 'midway' > '../../../alias/foo bar'
+echo 'bar' > '../../../alias/midway'
+echo '0.0.99' > '../../../alias/bar'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias 'foo bar')"
+EXPECTED='v0.0.99'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for space-name chain, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f '../../../alias/foo bar' '../../../alias/midway' '../../../alias/bar'
+
+# Non-cycle through an alias name containing a regex metacharacter.
+# Guards the literal `case` matching: the previous grep-based detection
+# interpolated the resolved name into an anchored regex, so resolving 'axb'
+# matched the seen name 'axb' against the pattern 'a.b' and falsely
+# reported a cycle.
+# Resolves: 'axb' -> 'a.b' -> 0.0.99
+echo 'a.b' > '../../../alias/axb'
+echo '0.0.99' > '../../../alias/a.b'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias axb)"
+EXPECTED='v0.0.99'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for metachar-name chain, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+# ... while a genuine cycle through a metachar name is still detected
+echo 'axb' > '../../../alias/a.b'
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias axb)"
+EXPECTED='∞'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for metachar-name cycle, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f '../../../alias/axb' '../../../alias/a.b'

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_resolve_alias handles deep chain

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create a 4-deep alias chain: hop1 -> hop2 -> hop3 -> hop4 -> 0.0.99
+echo 'hop2' > ../../../alias/hop1
+echo 'hop3' > ../../../alias/hop2
+echo 'hop4' > ../../../alias/hop3
+echo '0.0.99' > ../../../alias/hop4
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias hop1)"
+EXPECTED='v0.0.99'
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}< for 4-deep chain, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/hop1 ../../../alias/hop2 ../../../alias/hop3 ../../../alias/hop4

test/fast/Aliases/nvm_resolve_alias with nonexistent target

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. "${NVM_DIR}/nvm.sh"
+
+# Create an alias pointing to a version that does not exist as an alias
+echo '99.99.99' > ../../../alias/test-edge-noexist
+
+ACTUAL="$(nvm_resolve_alias test-edge-noexist)"
+EXPECTED='v99.99.99'
+EXIT_CODE="$(nvm_resolve_alias test-edge-noexist >/dev/null 2>&1; echo $?)"
+[ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+[ "${EXIT_CODE}" = '0' ] || die "expected exit code 0, got ${EXIT_CODE}"
+
+rm -f ../../../alias/test-edge-noexist

test/fast/Aliases/teardown

@@ -17,3 +17,8 @@ rm -f "../../../alias/iojs"
 rm -f "../../../alias/default"
 rm -f "../../../alias/test-blank-lines"
 rm -f "../../../alias/test-multi-lines"
+rm -f "../../../alias/test-edge-"* "../../../alias/test edge spaces"
+rm -f "../../../alias/self" "../../../alias/link1" "../../../alias/link2" "../../../alias/link3"
+rm -f "../../../alias/foo bar" "../../../alias/midway" "../../../alias/bar"
+rm -f "../../../alias/hop1" "../../../alias/hop2" "../../../alias/hop3" "../../../alias/hop4"
+rm -f "../../../alias/axb" "../../../alias/a.b"

test/fast/Running 'nvm --help' documents current and the .nvmrc fallback

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+set -e
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. ../../nvm.sh
+
+\. ../common.sh
+
+HELP="$(nvm --help 2>&1)"
+
+# Signatures for use/exec/run advertise `current` (mirroring `nvm which`).
+for EXPECTED in \
+  'nvm use [current | <version>]' \
+  'nvm exec [current | <version>] [<command>]' \
+  'nvm run [current | <version>] [<args>]' \
+  'nvm which [current | <version>]' \
+; do
+  case "${HELP}" in
+    *"${EXPECTED}"*) ;;
+    *) die "nvm --help did not contain signature >${EXPECTED}<" ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+# The .nvmrc fallback is documented as conditional, not free.
+case "${HELP}" in
+  *'Uses .nvmrc if version is omitted; otherwise errors.'*) ;;
+  *) die "nvm --help did not document the .nvmrc fallback caveat" ;;
+esac
+
+# The stale, looser phrasing must be gone.
+case "${HELP}" in
+  *'if available and version is omitted'*) die "nvm --help still contains the old .nvmrc phrasing" ;;
+esac
+
+# `nvm current` is documented as resolving via \$PATH, not .nvmrc.
+case "${HELP}" in
+  *'Display the active node version (resolved via $PATH; not affected by .nvmrc).'*) ;;
+  *) die "nvm --help did not document that 'nvm current' resolves via \$PATH" ;;
+esac

test/fast/Running 'nvm exec' and 'nvm run' without a resolvable version warn and fall back

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+set -ex
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+cleanup() {
+  cd "${ORIG_PWD}" 2>/dev/null || true
+  [ -n "${TMP_DIR-}" ] && rm -rf "${TMP_DIR}"
+}
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. ../../nvm.sh
+
+\. ../common.sh
+
+ORIG_PWD="$(pwd)"
+
+# Run from a fresh, empty directory so no ambient .nvmrc above the test dir
+# can satisfy the lookup and mask the warning.
+TMP_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+cd "${TMP_DIR}" || die "could not cd to temp dir"
+
+EXEC_WARNING='WARNING: `nvm exec` was invoked without a version argument and without an .nvmrc file.'
+RUN_WARNING='WARNING: `nvm run` was invoked without a version argument and without an .nvmrc file.'
+
+# `nvm exec` with no version and no .nvmrc should warn on stderr (and fall back).
+set +ex # needed for stderr
+EXEC_STDERR="$(nvm exec </dev/null 2>&1 1>/dev/null)"
+set -ex
+case "${EXEC_STDERR}" in
+  *"${EXEC_WARNING}"*) ;;
+  *) die "'nvm exec' with no version did not warn; got >${EXEC_STDERR}<" ;;
+esac
+
+# `--silent` should suppress the warning.
+set +ex # needed for stderr
+EXEC_SILENT_STDERR="$(nvm exec --silent </dev/null 2>&1 1>/dev/null)"
+set -ex
+case "${EXEC_SILENT_STDERR}" in
+  *WARNING*) die "'nvm exec --silent' should not warn; got >${EXEC_SILENT_STDERR}<" ;;
+esac
+
+# `nvm run` with an unresolvable version and no .nvmrc should warn (and fall back).
+set +ex # needed for stderr
+RUN_STDERR="$(nvm run bogusversion </dev/null 2>&1 1>/dev/null)"
+set -ex
+case "${RUN_STDERR}" in
+  *"${RUN_WARNING}"*) ;;
+  *) die "'nvm run' with no resolvable version did not warn; got >${RUN_STDERR}<" ;;
+esac
+
+# `--silent` should suppress the warning.
+set +ex # needed for stderr
+RUN_SILENT_STDERR="$(nvm run --silent bogusversion </dev/null 2>&1 1>/dev/null)"
+set -ex
+case "${RUN_SILENT_STDERR}" in
+  *WARNING*) die "'nvm run --silent' should not warn; got >${RUN_SILENT_STDERR}<" ;;
+esac
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Subcommands with missing or invalid args show a focused usage error

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+set -ex
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+cleanup() {
+  cd "${ORIG_PWD}" 2>/dev/null || true
+  [ -n "${TMP_DIR-}" ] && rm -rf "${TMP_DIR}"
+}
+
+export NVM_DIR="$(cd ../.. && pwd)"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. ../../nvm.sh
+
+\. ../common.sh
+
+ORIG_PWD="$(pwd)"
+
+# Run from a fresh, empty directory so the "no version + no .nvmrc" cases
+# (install/run/which) are not masked by an ambient .nvmrc above the test dir.
+TMP_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+cd "${TMP_DIR}" || die "could not cd to temp dir"
+
+# Asserts a subcommand emits the given focused usage line (not the full help
+# dump) on stderr, and exits 127.
+assert_usage() {
+  local EXPECTED_LINE
+  EXPECTED_LINE="$1"
+  shift
+
+  try_err "$@"
+
+  case "${CAPTURED_STDERR}" in
+    *"${EXPECTED_LINE}"*) ;;
+    *) die "\`$*\` did not show focused usage >${EXPECTED_LINE}<; got >${CAPTURED_STDERR}<" ;;
+  esac
+  # the focused usage should NOT be the full help dump
+  case "${CAPTURED_STDERR}" in
+    *'Show this message'*) die "\`$*\` dumped full help instead of a focused usage" ;;
+  esac
+  [ "_${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}" = "_127" ] \
+    || die "\`$*\` expected exit code 127; got ${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}"
+}
+
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm cache dir'                  nvm cache bogus
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm install [<version>]'        nvm install
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm run [<version>] [<args>]'   nvm run
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm which [current | <version>]' nvm which
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm uninstall <version>'        nvm uninstall
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm uninstall <version>'        nvm uninstall a b
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm unalias <name>'             nvm unalias
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm unalias <name>'             nvm unalias a b
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm install-latest-npm'         nvm install-latest-npm extra
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm reinstall-packages <version>' nvm reinstall-packages
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm copy-packages <version>'    nvm copy-packages a b
+
+# `nvm use` reaches its focused-usage guard only when version resolution returns
+# an empty string. From the CLI that cannot happen: an omitted version is caught
+# earlier (the `Please see ... nvmrc` branch), and an unresolvable non-empty
+# version yields the "N/A" sentinel, never "". The branch is a defensive guard,
+# so drive it directly by stubbing the resolver to return empty. Keep this last:
+# the stub stays in effect for the rest of the shell.
+nvm_match_version() { nvm_echo ''; }
+assert_usage 'Usage: nvm use [<version>]'            nvm use foo
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm install --offline

@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ nvm_download() {
 }
 
 # --offline with an already-installed version should succeed
-INSTALLED_VERSION="$(nvm ls | command tail -1 | command awk '{print $1}' | command sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g')"
+# (`nvm ls` ends with the alias listing, so use `nvm_ls`, which emits bare
-if [ -n "${INSTALLED_VERSION}" ] && [ "_${INSTALLED_VERSION}" != '_N/A' ] && [ "_${INSTALLED_VERSION}" != '_system' ]; then
+# versions, and skip its trailing `system <version>` line)
+INSTALLED_VERSION="$(nvm_ls | command grep -v '^system' | command tail -n1)"
+if [ -n "${INSTALLED_VERSION}" ] && [ "_${INSTALLED_VERSION}" != '_N/A' ]; then
   try nvm install --offline "${INSTALLED_VERSION}"
   [ "_$CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE" = "_0" ] \
     || die "nvm install --offline with installed version '${INSTALLED_VERSION}' should succeed, got exit code $CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE"
@@ -30,9 +32,10 @@ nvm_echo "$CAPTURED_STDERR" | nvm_grep -q "${EXPECTED_ERR}" \
 
 # --offline should not require curl or wget
 nvm_has() { return 1; }
+nvm_has_executable() { return 1; }
 try_err nvm install --offline 999.999.999
 # Should fail with "not found" not "nvm needs curl or wget"
 nvm_echo "$CAPTURED_STDERR" | nvm_grep -q "curl or wget" \
   && die "nvm install --offline should not require curl or wget"
 alias nvm_has='\nvm_has'
-unset -f nvm_has
+unset -f nvm_has nvm_has_executable

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_curl_libz_support

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
+WORK="$PWD/nvm_curl_libz_support-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+
 cleanup() {
-  unset -f curl
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
 
 die() { cleanup; echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
@@ -9,32 +13,28 @@ die() { cleanup; echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
 : nvm.sh
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
-curl() {
+\. ../../common.sh
-    # curl with libz feature
+
-    if [ $# -ne 1 ] || [ "$1" != "-V" ]; then
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
-        die "This fake curl only takes one parameter -V"
+
-    fi
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN"
-    echo "
+
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
+
+# curl with libz feature
+VERSION_MESSAGE="
 curl 7.47.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.47.0 GnuTLS/3.4.10 zlib/1.2.8 libidn/1.32 librtmp/2.3
 Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtmp rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftp
 Features: AsynchDNS IDN IPv6 Largefile GSS-API Kerberos SPNEGO NTLM NTLM_WB SSL libz TLS-SRP UnixSockets"
-}
 
 nvm_curl_libz_support || die "nvm_curl_libz_support should return 0"
 
-unset -f curl
+# curl without libz feature
-
+VERSION_MESSAGE="
-curl() {
-    # curl without libz feature
-    if [ "$#" -ne 1 ] || [ "$1" != "-V" ]; then
-        die "This fake curl only takes one parameter -V"
-    fi
-    echo "
 curl 7.47.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.47.0 GnuTLS/3.4.10 zlib/1.2.8 libidn/1.32 librtmp/2.32
 Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtmp rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftp
 Features: AsynchDNS IDN IPv6 Largefile GSS-API Kerberos SPNEGO NTLM NTLM_WB SSL TLS-SRP UnixSockets"
-}
 
 ! nvm_curl_libz_support || die "nvm_curl_libz_support should return 1"
 
-unset -f curl
+cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_curl_use_compression

@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
+WORK="$PWD/nvm_curl_use_compression-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+
 cleanup () {
   unset -f die
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
 
 die () { echo -e "$@" ; cleanup ;  exit 1; }
 
 NVM_ENV=testing \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
-curl() {
+\. ../../common.sh
-  if [ "$1" = "-V" ]; then
+
-    echo "${VERSION_MESSAGE}"
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
-  fi
+
-}
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN"
+
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
 
 CURL_VERSION_ON_ARCHLINUX_WITH_LIBZ="curl 7.54.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.54.0 OpenSSL/1.1.0f zlib/1.2.11 libpsl/0.17.0 (+libicu/59.1) libssh2/1.8.0 nghttp2/1.22.0
 Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps pop3 pop3s rtsp scp sftp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftp

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_curl_version

@@ -1,19 +1,25 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
+WORK="$PWD/nvm_curl_version-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+
 cleanup () {
-  unset -f die
+  unset -f die cleanup assert_version_is
-  unset -f curl
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
 
 die () { echo -e "$@" ; cleanup ;  exit 1; }
 
 NVM_ENV=testing \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
-curl() {
+\. ../../common.sh
-  if [ "$1" = "-V" ]; then
+
-    echo "${VERSION_MESSAGE}"
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
-  fi
+
-}
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN"
+
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
 
 assert_version_is() {
   if [ "${1}" != "${2}" ]; then

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_download and curl helpers bypass shadowed curl

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+WORK="$PWD/shadowed-curl-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+ARGV_LOG="$WORK/argv.log"
+
+cleanup () {
+  unset -f die cleanup curl wget
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
+}
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+NVM_ENV=testing \. ../../../nvm.sh
+
+\. ../../common.sh
+
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
+
+# real-looking curl on PATH; calling the shadowing shell function below instead is a failure
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN" ': > "$ARGV_LOG"
+for a in "$@"; do printf "%s\n" "$a" >> "$ARGV_LOG"; done'
+
+VERSION_MESSAGE="curl 7.99.0 (fake)
+Features: libz"
+
+export ARGV_LOG
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
+
+# shadowing shell functions, like aliases baked into a user's shell, must be
+# bypassed in favor of the executables on PATH (https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/2923)
+curl() {
+  echo 'curl 0.0.0-shadowed'
+  return 1
+}
+wget() {
+  return 1
+}
+
+[ "$(nvm_curl_version)" = '7.99.0' ] || die "nvm_curl_version used the shadowing curl function; got $(nvm_curl_version)"
+
+nvm_curl_libz_support || die 'nvm_curl_libz_support used the shadowing curl function'
+
+nvm_download -s 'http://example.com/' -o /dev/null || die 'nvm_download used the shadowing curl function and failed'
+grep -Fxq 'http://example.com/' "$ARGV_LOG" || die "nvm_download did not invoke the curl executable; got: $(cat "$ARGV_LOG")"
+
+# when no curl executable exists, a shadowing curl shell function must not fool
+# downloader selection: nvm_download must fall back to the wget executable
+WGET_ONLY_BIN="$WORK/wget-only-bin"
+mkdir -p "$WGET_ONLY_BIN"
+{
+  echo '#!/bin/sh'
+  echo ': > "$ARGV_LOG"'
+  echo 'for a in "$@"; do printf "%s\n" "$a" >> "$ARGV_LOG"; done'
+} > "$WGET_ONLY_BIN/wget"
+chmod +x "$WGET_ONLY_BIN/wget"
+
+(
+  PATH="$WGET_ONLY_BIN"
+  export PATH
+  nvm_download -s 'http://wget-fallback.example.com/' -o /dev/null
+) || die 'nvm_download did not fall back to wget when curl is only a shell function'
+grep -Fxq 'http://wget-fallback.example.com/' "$ARGV_LOG" || die "nvm_download did not invoke the wget executable; got: $(cat "$ARGV_LOG")"
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_download wget Authorization header

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
 ARGV_LOG="$WORK/argv.log"
 
 cleanup() {
-  unset -f die cleanup nvm_has
+  unset -f die cleanup nvm_has_executable
   rm -rf "$WORK"
   export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ chmod +x "$TEST_BIN/wget"
 export ARGV_LOG
 export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
 # force the wget path while keeping system tools (sed) available for sanitization
-nvm_has() { [ "$1" != curl ] && command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1; }
+nvm_has_executable() { [ "$1" != curl ] && command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1; }
 
 # given an Authorization credential in NVM_AUTH_HEADER
 # when nvm_download uses the wget path

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_get_arch

@@ -90,7 +90,14 @@ run_test amd64 smartos x64 no_pkg_info
 run_test x86 osx x86
 run_test amd64 osx x64
 
-run_test arm64 smartos x64
+# These smartos cases have no arch-specific uname mock, so nvm_get_os falls
-run_test armv8l smartos x64
+# through to the real host; on Alpine that host is linux and picks up the musl
+# suffix, which these non-musl assertions do not expect. Skip them there.
+if [ ! -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
+  run_test arm64 smartos x64
+  run_test armv8l smartos x64
+fi
+
+run_test loongarch64 linux loong64
 
 cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_get_arch alpine

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ die () { cleanup; echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
 MOCKS_DIR="$(pwd)/../../mocks"
 export PATH=".:${PATH}"
 
-# On Alpine (where /etc/alpine-release exists), x64 should get -musl suffix
+# On Alpine (where /etc/alpine-release exists), both x64 and arm64 should get
-# and arm64 should NOT get -musl suffix.
+# the -musl suffix, since unofficial-builds publishes musl binaries for both.
 # On non-Alpine, neither should get -musl.
 
 if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
   rm -f ./uname
   [ "_${OUTPUT}" = "_x64-musl" ] || die "x64 on Alpine should be x64-musl, got ${OUTPUT}"
 
-  # aarch64 on Alpine should produce arm64, NOT arm64-musl
+  # aarch64 on Alpine should produce arm64-musl
   ln -sf "${MOCKS_DIR}/uname_linux_aarch64" ./uname
   OUTPUT="$(nvm_get_arch)"
   rm -f ./uname
-  [ "_${OUTPUT}" = "_arm64" ] || die "aarch64 on Alpine should be arm64 (no musl suffix), got ${OUTPUT}"
+  [ "_${OUTPUT}" = "_arm64-musl" ] || die "aarch64 on Alpine should be arm64-musl, got ${OUTPUT}"
 else
   # x64 on non-Alpine should produce x64 (no musl suffix)
   ln -sf "${MOCKS_DIR}/uname_linux_x86_64" ./uname

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_get_arch_unofficial

@@ -57,15 +57,23 @@ setup_chroot() {
   sudo mknod "${chroot_dir}/dev/null" c 1 3
 }
 
-setup_chroot "${CHROOT_WITH_ALPINE}"
+# The chroot fixtures assume a glibc layout (fixed dynamic-linker path under
-setup_chroot "${CHROOT_WITHOUT_ALPINE}"
+# /lib64, coreutils binaries). On musl Alpine that setup does not apply, and
+# nvm_get_arch's musl mapping is already covered by the "nvm_get_arch alpine"
+# test, so skip the chroot checks there and still run the ls-remote checks.
+if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
+  echo "on Alpine; skipping chroot arch checks (covered by 'nvm_get_arch alpine')"
+else
+  setup_chroot "${CHROOT_WITH_ALPINE}"
+  setup_chroot "${CHROOT_WITHOUT_ALPINE}"
 
-# Run tests in chroot environments
+  # Run tests in chroot environments
-ARCH_WITH_ALPINE=$(sudo chroot "${CHROOT_WITH_ALPINE}" /bin/sh -c ". ./nvm.sh && nvm_get_arch")
+  ARCH_WITH_ALPINE=$(sudo chroot "${CHROOT_WITH_ALPINE}" /bin/sh -c ". ./nvm.sh && nvm_get_arch")
-[ "${ARCH_WITH_ALPINE}" = "x64-musl" ] || die "Expected x64-musl for alpine environment but got ${ARCH_WITH_ALPINE}"
+  [ "${ARCH_WITH_ALPINE}" = "x64-musl" ] || die "Expected x64-musl for alpine environment but got ${ARCH_WITH_ALPINE}"
 
-ARCH_WITHOUT_ALPINE=$(sudo chroot "${CHROOT_WITHOUT_ALPINE}" /bin/sh -c ". ./nvm.sh && nvm_get_arch")
+  ARCH_WITHOUT_ALPINE=$(sudo chroot "${CHROOT_WITHOUT_ALPINE}" /bin/sh -c ". ./nvm.sh && nvm_get_arch")
-[ "${ARCH_WITHOUT_ALPINE}" != "x64-musl" ] || die "Did not expect x64-musl for non-alpine environment"
+  [ "${ARCH_WITHOUT_ALPINE}" != "x64-musl" ] || die "Did not expect x64-musl for non-alpine environment"
+fi
 
 # Run tests for nvm ls-remote
 test_default_ls_remote() {

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_get_download_slug

@@ -110,3 +110,26 @@ ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug iojs source 15.99.99)"
 EXPECTED="iojs-15.99.99"
 [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
 
+
+REAL_OS="$(command uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo '')"
+REAL_ARCH="$(command uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo '')"
+if [ "${REAL_OS}" = "Darwin" ] && [ "${REAL_ARCH}" = "arm64" ]; then
+  # Node < 16 uses x64 on darwin-arm64
+  ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug node binary 14.21.3)"
+  EXPECTED='node-14.21.3-darwin-x64'
+  [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+  ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug node binary 15.99.99)"
+  EXPECTED='node-15.99.99-darwin-x64'
+  [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+  ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug iojs binary 15.99.99)"
+  EXPECTED='iojs-15.99.99-darwin-x64'
+  [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+
+  # Test Node >= 16 uses arm64 on darwin-arm64
+  ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug node binary 16.0.0)"
+  EXPECTED='node-16.0.0-darwin-arm64'
+  [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+  ACTUAL="$(nvm_get_download_slug node binary 18.0.0)"
+  EXPECTED='node-18.0.0-darwin-arm64'
+  [ "${ACTUAL}" = "${EXPECTED}" ] || die "expected >${EXPECTED}<, got >${ACTUAL}<"
+fi

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_get_latest missing curl or wget

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 
 cleanup() {
-  unset -f nvm_has
+  unset -f nvm_has nvm_has_executable
 }
 
 : nvm.sh
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ cleanup() {
 \. ../../common.sh
 
 nvm_has() { return 1 ; }
+nvm_has_executable() { return 1 ; }
 
 try_err nvm_get_latest
 [ "_$CAPTURED_STDERR" = "_nvm needs curl or wget to proceed." ] \

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_install_no_progress_bar

@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@ die () { >&2 echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 : nvm.sh
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
+# v0.12.18 predates musl binaries and the expected output hardcodes the glibc
+# x64 tarball URL, so on Alpine nvm would request a nonexistent -musl build.
+# The progress-bar behavior is not OS-specific, so skip below the musl floor.
+if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then
+  echo 'on Alpine; skipping (v0.12.18 has no musl binary)'
+  exit 0
+fi
+
 cleanup
 
 OUTPUT="$(TERM=dumb 2>&1 nvm install --no-progress v0.12.18)"

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_ls handles hash in pattern

@@ -1,10 +1,24 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+cleanup() {
+  rm -rf "${TEST_DIR-}"
+  unset NVMRC_CONTENT OUTPUT EXIT_CODE TEST_DIR NVM_DIR
+}
 
 : nvm.sh
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
+\. ../../common.sh
+
+# an isolated NVM_DIR with a single known version, so that ambient versions
+# and aliases can not affect any assertions
+TEST_DIR="${PWD}/nvm_ls_hash_pattern_tmp"
+mkdir -p "${TEST_DIR}/versions/node/v24.13.0/bin" || die 'failed to create test version dir'
+make_echo "${TEST_DIR}/versions/node/v24.13.0/bin/node" 'v24.13.0' || die 'failed to create test node binary'
+NVM_DIR="${TEST_DIR}"
+
 # Test: nvm_ls with pattern containing # should not cause sed error
 # This is a regression test for https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3761
 
@@ -22,3 +36,33 @@ echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "invalid command code" && \
 # Should return N/A with exit code 3 (not found)
 [ "$EXIT_CODE" = "3" ] || die "nvm_ls 'foo#bar' should exit with code 3, got $EXIT_CODE"
 echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "N/A" || die "nvm_ls 'foo#bar' should output N/A, got: $OUTPUT"
+
+NVMRC_CONTENT='v24.13.0
+# krypton is the codename for Node.js v24.x'
+
+OUTPUT="$(nvm_ls "${NVMRC_CONTENT}" 2>&1)"
+EXIT_CODE=$?
+
+[ "$EXIT_CODE" = "0" ] || die "nvm_ls with .nvmrc comments should exit with code 0, got $EXIT_CODE"
+[ "$OUTPUT" = "v24.13.0" ] || die "nvm_ls with .nvmrc comments should output v24.13.0, got: $OUTPUT"
+
+OUTPUT="$(nvm_version "${NVMRC_CONTENT}" 2>&1)"
+[ "$OUTPUT" = "v24.13.0" ] || die "nvm_version with .nvmrc comments should output v24.13.0, got: $OUTPUT"
+
+# a partial version reaches nvm_ls's find/sed pipeline, which is where multiline
+# patterns used to break sed ("unterminated regular expression" on BSD sed,
+# "unterminated address regex" on GNU sed); a full x.y.z version takes the
+# explicit-version fast path and never reaches it
+NVMRC_CONTENT='24
+# krypton is the codename for Node.js v24.x'
+
+OUTPUT="$(nvm_ls "${NVMRC_CONTENT}" 2>&1)"
+EXIT_CODE=$?
+
+echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "unterminated" && \
+  die "nvm_ls with partial version + comments caused a sed error: $OUTPUT"
+
+[ "$EXIT_CODE" = "0" ] || die "nvm_ls with partial version + comments should exit with code 0, got $EXIT_CODE"
+[ "$OUTPUT" = "v24.13.0" ] || die "nvm_ls with partial version + comments should output v24.13.0, got: $OUTPUT"
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_ls_remote LTS codename traversal

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+WORK="$PWD/ls_remote-traversal-work.$$"
+export HOME="$WORK/home"
+export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
+BASHRC="$HOME/.bashrc"
+
+cleanup() {
+  unset -f die cleanup nvm_download
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+}
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+mkdir -p "$NVM_DIR/alias"
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. ../../../nvm.sh
+
+# a malicious/compromised mirror: the LTS codename field ($10) carries path
+# traversal, and the version field ($1) carries a command-substitution payload;
+# a valid codename (Iron) is included to prove real aliases still get written
+nvm_download() {
+  printf 'version\tdate\tfiles\tnpm\tv8\tuv\tzlib\topenssl\tmodules\tlts\tsecurity\n'
+  printf '$(>%s/pwned)\t2026-01-01\tlinux-x64\t-\t-\t-\t-\t-\t-\t../../../.bashrc\t-\n' "$WORK"
+  printf 'v20.0.0\t2026-01-01\tlinux-x64\t-\t-\t-\t-\t-\t-\tIron\t-\n'
+}
+
+nvm_ls_remote >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+
+[ ! -e "$BASHRC" ] || die "path traversal wrote outside the alias dir: $BASHRC was created"
+[ ! -e "$WORK/pwned" ] || die "mirror-supplied payload landed: $WORK/pwned was created"
+[ -f "$NVM_DIR/alias/lts/iron" ] || die "valid LTS alias lts/iron was not created"
+
+nvm_make_alias 'lts/../../../escape' 'v1.0.0' 2>/dev/null && die 'nvm_make_alias accepted a traversing alias name'
+[ ! -e "$NVM_DIR/../escape" ] || die 'nvm_make_alias wrote outside the alias dir'
+nvm_make_alias 'lts/carbon' 'v8.0.0' >/dev/null 2>&1 || die 'nvm_make_alias rejected a valid alias name'
+[ -f "$NVM_DIR/alias/lts/carbon" ] || die 'nvm_make_alias did not create a valid alias'
+
+cleanup
+echo "nvm_ls_remote LTS codename traversal: passed"

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_offline_version

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ TEST_DIR="$(pwd)/nvm_offline_version_tmp"
 
 cleanup() {
   rm -rf "${TEST_DIR}"
+  CACHE_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)"
+  SUFFIX="$(nvm_get_os)-$(nvm_get_arch)"
+  rm -rf "${CACHE_DIR}/bin/node-v0.99.98-${SUFFIX}" "${CACHE_DIR}/bin/iojs-v0.99.97-${SUFFIX}" \
+    "${CACHE_DIR}/src/node-v0.99.96" "${CACHE_DIR}/src/iojs-v0.99.95"
 }
 
 [ ! -e "${TEST_DIR}" ] && mkdir -p "${TEST_DIR}"
@@ -36,4 +40,33 @@ try nvm_ls_cached "999.999"
 [ -z "$CAPTURED_STDOUT" ] \
   || die "nvm_ls_cached '999.999' should return empty; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
 
+# nvm_ls_cached should list bin- and src-cached artifacts, for node and io.js
+CACHE_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)"
+SUFFIX="$(nvm_get_os)-$(nvm_get_arch)"
+mkdir -p "${CACHE_DIR}/bin/node-v0.99.98-${SUFFIX}" "${CACHE_DIR}/bin/iojs-v0.99.97-${SUFFIX}" \
+  "${CACHE_DIR}/src/node-v0.99.96" "${CACHE_DIR}/src/iojs-v0.99.95"
+
+try nvm_ls_cached "v0.99.98"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_v0.99.98" ] \
+  || die "nvm_ls_cached 'v0.99.98' should find the bin-cached node version; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
+
+try nvm_ls_cached "iojs-v0.99.97"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_iojs-v0.99.97" ] \
+  || die "nvm_ls_cached 'iojs-v0.99.97' should find the bin-cached io.js version; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
+
+try nvm_ls_cached "v0.99.96"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_v0.99.96" ] \
+  || die "nvm_ls_cached 'v0.99.96' should find the src-cached node version; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
+
+try nvm_ls_cached "iojs-v0.99.95"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_iojs-v0.99.95" ] \
+  || die "nvm_ls_cached 'iojs-v0.99.95' should find the src-cached io.js version; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
+
+# ... and nvm_offline_version should resolve them
+try nvm_offline_version "iojs-v0.99.95"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_iojs-v0.99.95" ] \
+  || die "nvm_offline_version 'iojs-v0.99.95' should resolve the src-cached io.js version; got '$CAPTURED_STDOUT'"
+[ "_$CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE" = "_0" ] \
+  || die "nvm_offline_version 'iojs-v0.99.95' should exit 0; got '$CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE'"
+
 cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_rc_version errors when no version and no .nvmrc

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
+
+cleanup() {
+  cd "${ORIG_PWD}" 2>/dev/null || true
+  [ -n "${TMP_DIR-}" ] && rm -rf "${TMP_DIR}"
+}
+
+: nvm.sh
+\. ../../../nvm.sh
+
+\. ../../common.sh
+
+ORIG_PWD="$(pwd)"
+
+# Run from a fresh, empty directory so no ambient .nvmrc above the test dir
+# is found by the upward lookup.
+TMP_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+cd "${TMP_DIR}" || die "could not cd to temp dir"
+
+# The message must name both halves of the problem: no argument AND no .nvmrc.
+try_err nvm_rc_version
+EXPECTED='No version provided and no .nvmrc file found'
+[ "_${CAPTURED_STDERR}" = "_${EXPECTED}" ] \
+  || die "nvm_rc_version did not print >${EXPECTED}<; got >${CAPTURED_STDERR}<"
+[ "_${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}" = "_1" ] \
+  || die "nvm_rc_version expected exit code 1; got ${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}"
+
+# NVM_SILENT suppresses the message but the call still fails.
+export NVM_SILENT=1
+try_err nvm_rc_version
+unset NVM_SILENT
+[ -z "${CAPTURED_STDERR}" ] \
+  || die "NVM_SILENT nvm_rc_version should be silent; got >${CAPTURED_STDERR}<"
+[ "_${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}" = "_1" ] \
+  || die "NVM_SILENT nvm_rc_version expected exit code 1; got ${CAPTURED_EXIT_CODE}"
+
+cleanup

test/fast/Unit tests/nvm_sanitize_auth_header

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+\. ../../../nvm.sh
+
+set -ex
+
+# Test 1: all standard base64 characters (RFC 4648) are preserved
+STANDARD_B64="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/="
+RESULT=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${STANDARD_B64}")
+[ "${RESULT}" = "${STANDARD_B64}" ] || die "FAIL: standard base64 chars were stripped. Got: '${RESULT}'"
+
+# Test 2: all base64url characters (RFC 4648 §5) are preserved
+B64URL="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_="
+RESULT=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${B64URL}")
+[ "${RESULT}" = "${B64URL}" ] || die "FAIL: base64url chars were stripped. Got: '${RESULT}'"
+
+# Test 3: a real JWT Bearer token (base64url-encoded header.payload.signature) is preserved
+JWT_TOKEN="Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIn0.SflKxwRJSMeKKF2QT4fwpMeJf36POk6yJV_adQssw5c"
+RESULT=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${JWT_TOKEN}")
+[ "${RESULT}" = "${JWT_TOKEN}" ] || die "FAIL: JWT Bearer token chars were stripped. Got: '${RESULT}'"
+
+# Test 4: Basic auth (base64-encoded user:pass) is preserved
+BASIC_TOKEN="Basic dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ="
+RESULT=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${BASIC_TOKEN}")
+[ "${RESULT}" = "${BASIC_TOKEN}" ] || die "FAIL: Basic auth base64 token chars were stripped. Got: '${RESULT}'"
+
+# Test 5: dangerous shell metacharacters are removed
+DANGEROUS="Bearer token;\`evil\`-cmd \$(inject)"
+RESULT=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${DANGEROUS}")
+case "${RESULT}" in
+  *";"*|*"\`"*|*'$'*|*"("*|*")"*)
+    die "FAIL: dangerous shell metacharacters survived sanitization. Got: '${RESULT}'"
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "All nvm_sanitize_auth_header tests passed"

test/fast/Unit tests/security_wget_injection

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ fi
 # Test 2: Verify that sanitized header still works for legitimate requests
 # The sanitized header should only contain safe characters
 SANITIZED=$(nvm_sanitize_auth_header "${MALICIOUS_HEADER}")
-# Verify that dangerous characters were removed
+# Verify that dangerous shell metacharacters were removed
 case "${SANITIZED}" in
-  *";"*|*"touch"*|*"/tmp"*)
+  *";"*|*'$'*|*"\`"*)
     die "SECURITY FAILURE: Sanitization did not remove dangerous characters properly"
     ;;
 esac

test/fixtures/fake-source-tarball/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+include config.mk
+
+all: out/fake-bin
+
+out/fake-bin: VERSION
+	mkdir -p out
+	printf '#!/bin/sh\necho %s\n' "$$(cat VERSION)" > out/fake-bin
+	chmod +x out/fake-bin
+
+install: all
+	mkdir -p "$(PREFIX)/bin"
+	cp out/fake-bin "$(PREFIX)/bin/node"
+	cp out/fake-bin "$(PREFIX)/bin/iojs"
+
+.PHONY: all install

test/fixtures/fake-source-tarball/configure

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# a fake node/io.js `configure`, for source-install tests: real io.js (and
+# old node) can no longer be compiled on modern toolchains (python 2
+# `configure`, ancient V8), so source-install tests exercise nvm's entire
+# source pipeline against this tiny stand-in instead.
+
+PREFIX=''
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+  case "${1}" in
+    --prefix=*) PREFIX="${1#--prefix=}" ;;
+  esac
+  shift
+done
+
+if [ -z "${PREFIX}" ]; then
+  echo 'configure: a --prefix is required' >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+printf 'PREFIX = %s\n' "${PREFIX}" > config.mk
+echo "configured with PREFIX=${PREFIX}"

test/installation_iojs/install from fake source

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+\. ../common.sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+\. ../../nvm.sh
+
+set -ex
+
+NVM_TEST_VERSION='v3.99.9'
+NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION="iojs-${NVM_TEST_VERSION}"
+
+# Remove the stuff we're clobbering.
+nvm uninstall "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || echo 'not installed'
+
+# Exercise nvm's entire source-install pipeline - cache, extract, configure,
+# make, make install, activation - against a tiny fake source tree, seeded
+# into the download cache and installed with --offline. This runs everywhere,
+# including on toolchains where real io.js can not compile; `install from
+# source` covers the real compile, in CI's gcc:4.9 container job.
+SLUG="$(nvm_get_download_slug iojs source "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}")"
+COMPRESSION="$(nvm_get_artifact_compression "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}")"
+CACHE_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)/src/${SLUG}"
+STAGING="$(mktemp -d)"
+mkdir -p "${STAGING}/${SLUG}" "${CACHE_DIR}"
+cp ../fixtures/fake-source-tarball/configure ../fixtures/fake-source-tarball/Makefile "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/"
+chmod +x "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/configure"
+echo "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" > "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/VERSION"
+if [ "${COMPRESSION}" = 'tar.xz' ]; then
+  (cd "${STAGING}" && tar -cJf "${CACHE_DIR}/${SLUG}.${COMPRESSION}" "${SLUG}")
+else
+  (cd "${STAGING}" && tar -czf "${CACHE_DIR}/${SLUG}.${COMPRESSION}" "${SLUG}")
+fi
+rm -rf "${STAGING}"
+
+# Install from source
+nvm install -s --offline "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" || die "'nvm install -s --offline ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}' failed"
+
+# Check
+nvm_is_version_installed "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'version not installed'
+nvm run --silent "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || die "'nvm run ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION} --version | grep ${NVM_TEST_VERSION}' failed"
+
+rm -rf "${CACHE_DIR}"

test/installation_iojs/install from source

@@ -8,6 +8,23 @@ die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
 
 set -ex
 
+# Compiling io.js requires a period toolchain: python 2 (its `configure`),
+# and gcc <= 5 (its bundled V8). CI compiles it for real in a gcc:4.9
+# container job; on modern toolchains, this can only be skipped
+# (`install from fake source` covers nvm's source pipeline everywhere).
+GCC_MAJOR="$(gcc -dumpversion 2>/dev/null | command cut -d. -f1)"
+if ! command -v python2 >/dev/null 2>&1 && ! python -V 2>&1 | command grep -q '^Python 2'; then
+  echo 'python 2 is not available; skipping the io.js source install'
+  exit 0
+fi
+case "${GCC_MAJOR}" in
+  '' | *[!0-9]*) echo 'gcc is not available; skipping the io.js source install'; exit 0 ;;
+esac
+if [ "${GCC_MAJOR}" -gt 5 ]; then
+  echo "gcc <= 5 is required to compile io.js, got ${GCC_MAJOR}; skipping the io.js source install"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
 NVM_TEST_VERSION='v3.3.1'
 NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION="iojs-${NVM_TEST_VERSION}"
 
@@ -19,4 +36,4 @@ nvm uninstall "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || echo 'not installed'
 
 # Check
 nvm_is_version_installed "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'version not installed'
-nvm run "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || "'nvm run ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION} --version | grep ${NVM_TEST_VERSION}' failed"
+nvm run --silent "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || die "'nvm run ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION} --version | grep ${NVM_TEST_VERSION}' failed"

test/installation_iojs/install version specified in .nvmrc from fake source

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+
+\. ../../nvm.sh
+
+set -ex
+
+NVM_TEST_VERSION='v3.99.8'
+NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION="iojs-${NVM_TEST_VERSION}"
+
+# Remove the stuff we're clobbering.
+nvm uninstall "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || echo 'not installed'
+
+# Exercise nvm's source-install pipeline against a tiny fake source tree,
+# seeded into the download cache and installed with --offline (see `install
+# from fake source`). This runs everywhere, including on toolchains where
+# real io.js can not compile; `install version specified in .nvmrc from
+# source` covers the real compile, in CI's gcc:4.9 container job.
+SLUG="$(nvm_get_download_slug iojs source "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}")"
+COMPRESSION="$(nvm_get_artifact_compression "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}")"
+CACHE_DIR="$(nvm_cache_dir)/src/${SLUG}"
+STAGING="$(mktemp -d)"
+mkdir -p "${STAGING}/${SLUG}" "${CACHE_DIR}"
+cp ../fixtures/fake-source-tarball/configure ../fixtures/fake-source-tarball/Makefile "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/"
+chmod +x "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/configure"
+echo "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" > "${STAGING}/${SLUG}/VERSION"
+if [ "${COMPRESSION}" = 'tar.xz' ]; then
+  (cd "${STAGING}" && tar -cJf "${CACHE_DIR}/${SLUG}.${COMPRESSION}" "${SLUG}")
+else
+  (cd "${STAGING}" && tar -czf "${CACHE_DIR}/${SLUG}.${COMPRESSION}" "${SLUG}")
+fi
+rm -rf "${STAGING}"
+
+# Install from source, with the version specified in .nvmrc
+echo "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" > .nvmrc
+
+nvm install -s --offline || die "'nvm install -s --offline' failed"
+
+# Check
+nvm_is_version_installed "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'version is not installed'
+nvm run --silent "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" \
+  || die "'nvm run ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION} --version | grep ${NVM_TEST_VERSION}' failed"
+
+rm -rf "${CACHE_DIR}"

test/installation_iojs/install version specified in .nvmrc from source

@@ -6,18 +6,36 @@ die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
 
 set -ex
 
+# Compiling io.js requires a period toolchain: python 2 (its `configure`),
+# and gcc <= 5 (its bundled V8). CI compiles it for real in a gcc:4.9
+# container job; on modern toolchains, this can only be skipped
+# (`install version specified in .nvmrc from fake source` covers nvm's
+# source pipeline everywhere).
+GCC_MAJOR="$(gcc -dumpversion 2>/dev/null | command cut -d. -f1)"
+if ! command -v python2 >/dev/null 2>&1 && ! python -V 2>&1 | command grep -q '^Python 2'; then
+  echo 'python 2 is not available; skipping the io.js source install'
+  exit 0
+fi
+case "${GCC_MAJOR}" in
+  '' | *[!0-9]*) echo 'gcc is not available; skipping the io.js source install'; exit 0 ;;
+esac
+if [ "${GCC_MAJOR}" -gt 5 ]; then
+  echo "gcc <= 5 is required to compile io.js, got ${GCC_MAJOR}; skipping the io.js source install"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
 NVM_TEST_VERSION='v3.3.0'
 NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION="iojs-${NVM_TEST_VERSION}"
 
 # Remove the stuff we're clobbering.
 nvm uninstall "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || echo 'not installed'
 
-# Install from binary
+# Install from source, with the version specified in .nvmrc
 echo "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" > .nvmrc
 
-nvm install -s || "'nvm install -s' failed"
+nvm install -s || die "'nvm install -s' failed"
 
 # Check
 nvm_is_version_installed "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'version is not installed'
-nvm run "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" \
+nvm run --silent "${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION}" --version | grep "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" \
   || die "'nvm run ${NVM_PREFIXED_TEST_VERSION} --version | grep ${NVM_TEST_VERSION}' failed"

test/installation_iojs/teardown_dir

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ nvm uninstall iojs-v1.0.0
 nvm uninstall iojs-v1.0.3
 nvm uninstall iojs-v3.3.0
 nvm uninstall iojs-v3.3.1
+nvm uninstall iojs-v3.99.8
+nvm uninstall iojs-v3.99.9
 
 if [ -f ".nvmrc" ]; then
   rm .nvmrc

test/installation_node/install while reinstalling packages

@@ -1,6 +1,27 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+# State touched by the regression section below; cleanup restores it even on failure.
+DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE="${NVM_DIR}/default-packages"
+DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP=""
+DEFAULT_PACKAGES_WROTE=""
+TEST_ALIAS=""
+
+cleanup () {
+  if [ -n "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_WROTE}" ]; then
+    rm -f "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}"
+    DEFAULT_PACKAGES_WROTE=""
+  fi
+  if [ -n "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP}" ] && [ -f "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP}" ]; then
+    mv "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP}" "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}"
+    DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP=""
+  fi
+  if [ -n "${TEST_ALIAS}" ]; then
+    nvm unalias "${TEST_ALIAS}" > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    TEST_ALIAS=""
+  fi
+}
+
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 
 \. ../../nvm.sh
 
@@ -44,3 +65,54 @@ nvm use --lts=argon
 node --version | grep v4.9.1 > /dev/null || die "nvm ls --lts=argon didn't use v4.9.1"
 
 npm list --global | grep object-is > /dev/null || die "object-is isn't installed"
+
+
+# Regression: `--reinstall-packages-from` must still migrate packages when the
+# target version is *already installed*. See https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/3858
+
+# install a fresh global package on the source (v9.7.0) only
+nvm use 9.7.0
+npm install -g is-nan@1.0.1 || die "npm install -g is-nan failed"
+npm list --global --depth=0 | grep is-nan > /dev/null || die "is-nan isn't installed on v9.7.0"
+
+# precondition: the already-installed target (v9.10.0) must not have it yet
+nvm use 9.10.0
+npm list --global --depth=0 | grep is-nan > /dev/null && die "is-nan should not be installed on v9.10.0 before reinstall"
+
+# target is already installed, so this should report so AND still migrate packages
+OUTPUT="$(nvm install --reinstall-packages-from=9.7.0 9.10.0 2>&1)" || die "nvm install --reinstall-packages-from=9.7.0 9.10.0 failed: ${OUTPUT}"
+nvm_echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "is already installed" > /dev/null || die "expected 'already installed' message, got: ${OUTPUT}"
+
+nvm use 9.10.0
+npm list --global --depth=0 | grep is-nan > /dev/null || die "is-nan was not migrated to already-installed v9.10.0"
+
+
+# ...the same is true for default packages: they must install on the already-installed path too.
+
+# back up any real default-packages file, then point it at a package the target lacks
+if [ -f "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}" ]; then
+  DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP="${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}.3858.bak"
+  mv "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}" "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_BACKUP}" || die "could not back up ${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}"
+fi
+DEFAULT_PACKAGES_WROTE=1
+nvm_echo 'object-inspect@1.0.2' > "${DEFAULT_PACKAGES_FILE}"
+
+# precondition: the already-installed target must not have the default package yet
+nvm use 9.10.0
+npm list --global --depth=0 | grep object-inspect > /dev/null && die "object-inspect should not be installed on v9.10.0 before default-packages test"
+
+nvm install 9.10.0 > /dev/null 2>&1 || die "nvm install 9.10.0 (already installed, default-packages) failed"
+nvm use 9.10.0
+npm list --global --depth=0 | grep object-inspect > /dev/null || die "default packages were not installed on already-installed v9.10.0"
+
+# restore the default-packages file before the next assertion
+cleanup
+
+
+# ...and `--alias` must be set on the already-installed path too.
+TEST_ALIAS='nvm-3858-already-installed'
+nvm unalias "${TEST_ALIAS}" > /dev/null 2>&1 || true # ensure a clean precondition
+nvm install --alias="${TEST_ALIAS}" 9.10.0 > /dev/null 2>&1 || die "nvm install --alias=${TEST_ALIAS} 9.10.0 (already installed) failed"
+TERM=dumb nvm alias "${TEST_ALIAS}" | grep 'v9.10.0' > /dev/null || die "--alias was not set on already-installed v9.10.0"
+
+cleanup

test/mocks/uname_linux_loongarch64

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+if [ "_$1" = "_-m" ]; then
+  echo "loongarch64"
+else
+  echo "Linux foo 6.12.54-16k #0 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Dec  5 12:35:43 UTC loongarch64 GNU/Linux"
+fi

test/slow/nvm exec/Running 'nvm exec' with help should not parse

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@ die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
 
 nvm use 0.10
 
-nvm exec stable -- node --help | grep 'Usage: node [options]' || die "Help menu should have been displayed for node and not nvm"
+# note: in a BRE, `[options]` is a bracket expression, so the literal `[options]`
+# in node's help output could never match; match the unbracketed prefix instead
+nvm exec stable -- node --help | grep 'Usage: node' || die "Help menu should have been displayed for node and not nvm"

test/slow/nvm uninstall/Running 'nvm uninstall' with incorrect file permissions fails nicely

@@ -1,30 +1,51 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-die () { echo "$@" ; exit 1; }
+die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 
 # Source nvm
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
-# Version to install/uninstall
+\. ../../common.sh
-NVM_TEST_VERSION=5.10.1
 
-# Make sure it's not already here
+NVM_TEST_VERSION=v5.99.99
-[ -e ../../../$NVM_TEST_VERSION ] && rm -R ../../../$NVM_TEST_VERSION
 
-# Install it
+cleanup() {
-nvm install $NVM_TEST_VERSION
+  VERSION_PATH="${VERSION_PATH-}"
+  if [ -n "${VERSION_PATH}" ] && [ -d "${VERSION_PATH}" ]; then
+    sudo -n rm -f "${VERSION_PATH}/lib/root-owned-file" 2>/dev/null
+    rm -rf "${VERSION_PATH}"
+  fi
+}
 
-# Make sure it installed
+# The permissions check only trips on files that are neither writable nor
-nvm ls | grep "$NVM_TEST_VERSION" || die "Failed to install node"
+# self-owned, and creating one requires another user: skip where passwordless
+# sudo is unavailable; CI always has it.
+if ! sudo -n true 2>/dev/null; then
+  echo 'passwordless sudo is not available, skipping'
+  exit 0
+fi
 
-# Install global module as root
+# Install a fake version to uninstall
-npm_path=$(which npm)
+make_fake_node "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'unable to make fake node'
-sudo -n "$npm_path" install jspm@'<2' -g || die 'either sudo failed, or `npm install jspm -g` failed`'
+VERSION_PATH="$(nvm_version_path "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}")"
 
-# Switch to another version so we can uninstall
+# Make part of the installation folder unwritable, and not self-owned
-nvm use 0.12.7
+mkdir -p "${VERSION_PATH}/lib"
+sudo -n touch "${VERSION_PATH}/lib/root-owned-file" || die 'sudo touch failed'
+sudo -n chmod 444 "${VERSION_PATH}/lib/root-owned-file" || die 'sudo chmod failed'
+
+# Make sure the version to uninstall is not the active one
+nvm deactivate >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
 
 # Attempt to uninstall it
-RETURN_MESSAGE="$(nvm uninstall $NVM_TEST_VERSION 2>&1)"
+RETURN_MESSAGE="$(nvm uninstall "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" 2>&1)"
 CHECK_FOR="Cannot uninstall, incorrect permissions on installation folder"
-test "${RETURN_MESSAGE#*$CHECK_FOR}" != "$RETURN_MESSAGE" || die "Failed to show error message"
+case "${RETURN_MESSAGE}" in
+  *"${CHECK_FOR}"*) ;;
+  *) die "Failed to show error message; got: ${RETURN_MESSAGE}" ;;
+esac
+
+# ... and the version must not have been removed
+nvm_is_version_installed "${NVM_TEST_VERSION}" || die 'version was uninstalled despite the permissions error'
+
+cleanup

test/slow/nvm_get_latest/nvm_get_latest

@@ -2,37 +2,46 @@
 
 die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 
+WORK="$PWD/nvm_get_latest-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+
 cleanup() {
-  unset -f curl wget nvm_has
+  unset -f curl wget
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
 
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
+\. ../../common.sh
+
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
+
 EXPECTED_VERSION="v12.3.456"
 URL="https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/releases/tag/$EXPECTED_VERSION"
 EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS="--compressed -q -w %{url_effective}\n -L -s -S https://latest.nvm.sh -o /dev/null"
 EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS="-q https://latest.nvm.sh --server-response -O /dev/null"
+export URL EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS
 
-curl() {
+VERSION_MESSAGE="
-  if [ $# -eq 1 ] && [ "$1" = "-V" ]; then
-    echo "
 curl 7.47.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.47.0 GnuTLS/3.4.10 zlib/1.2.8 libidn/1.32 librtmp/2.3
 Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtmp rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftp
 Features: AsynchDNS IDN IPv6 Largefile GSS-API Kerberos SPNEGO NTLM NTLM_WB SSL libz TLS-SRP UnixSockets"
-  elif [ "_$*" != "_$EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS" ]; then
+
-    echo >&2 "expected args ($EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS), got ($*)"
+# fake curl/wget: `command curl` bypasses shell functions, so the mocks must be executables on PATH
-    return 1
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN" 'if [ "_$*" != "_$EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS" ]; then
-  else
+  echo >&2 "expected args ($EXPECTED_CURL_ARGS), got ($*)"
-    echo $URL
+  exit 1
-  fi
+fi
-}
+echo "$URL"'
-wget() {
+
-  if [ "_$*" != "_$EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS" ]; then
+cat > "$TEST_BIN/wget" <<'OUTER'
-    echo >&2 "expected args ($EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS), got ($*)"
+#!/bin/sh
-    return 1
+if [ "_$*" != "_$EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS" ]; then
-  else
+  echo >&2 "expected args ($EXPECTED_WGET_ARGS), got ($*)"
-    local WGET_CONTENTS
+  exit 1
-    WGET_CONTENTS="
+fi
+cat >&2 <<CONTENTS
   HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
   Location: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/releases/latest
   Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
@@ -82,15 +91,22 @@ wget() {
   X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
   Vary: Accept-Encoding
   X-Served-By: 926b734ea1992f8ee1f88ab967a93dac
-"
+CONTENTS
-    "$WGET_CONTENTS" | while read line
+OUTER
-    do
+chmod +x "$TEST_BIN/wget"
-      >&2 echo "$line"
-    done
-  fi
-}
 
-\. ../../common.sh
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
+
+# shadowing shell functions, like aliases baked into a user's shell, must be
+# bypassed in favor of the executables on PATH (https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/2923)
+curl() {
+  echo >&2 'the shadowing curl function was called'
+  return 1
+}
+wget() {
+  echo >&2 'the shadowing wget function was called'
+  return 1
+}
 
 try nvm_get_latest
 [ "_$CAPTURED_STDOUT" = "_$EXPECTED_VERSION" ] \

test/slow/nvm_get_latest/nvm_get_latest failed redirect

@@ -2,20 +2,26 @@
 
 die () { echo "$@" ; cleanup ; exit 1; }
 
+WORK="$PWD/nvm_get_latest_failed_redirect-work.$$"
+TEST_BIN="$WORK/bin"
+
 cleanup() {
-  unset -f curl wget
+  rm -rf "$WORK"
+  export PATH="$OLDPATH"
 }
 
 \. ../../../nvm.sh
 
 \. ../../common.sh
 
-curl() {
+OLDPATH="$PATH"
-  return 1
+
-}
+# fake curl/wget: `command curl` bypasses shell functions, so the mocks must be executables on PATH
-wget() {
+make_fake_curl "$TEST_BIN" 'exit 1'
-  return 1
+printf '#!/bin/sh\nexit 1\n' > "$TEST_BIN/wget"
-}
+chmod +x "$TEST_BIN/wget"
+
+export PATH="$TEST_BIN:$OLDPATH"
 
 try_err nvm_get_latest
 [ "_$CAPTURED_STDERR" = "_https://latest.nvm.sh did not redirect to the latest release on GitHub" ] \