feat: API timeout config, Retry-After header support, and configurable retry

- Add TimeoutConfig to HTTP client builder with connect_timeout (30s)
  and request_timeout (5min) defaults, configurable via
  CLAW_API_CONNECT_TIMEOUT and CLAW_API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT env vars
- Add with_timeout() builder to both AnthropicClient and
  OpenAiCompatClient for per-client timeout configuration
- Parse Retry-After header on 429 responses and use it to override
  exponential backoff delay when present
- Add ApiTimeoutConfig to runtime config with apiTimeout settings
  in ~/.claw/settings.json (connectTimeout, requestTimeout, maxRetries)
- Add retry_after field to ApiError::Api for propagating rate limit
  backoff hints through the retry pipeline

rust/crates/api/src/error.rs

@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ pub enum ApiError {
         retryable: bool,
         /// Suggested user action based on error type (e.g., "Reduce prompt size" for 413)
         suggested_action: Option<String>,
+        /// Parsed Retry-After header value (seconds) for 429 responses.
+        /// When present, overrides the exponential backoff delay.
+        retry_after: Option<Duration>,
     },
     RetriesExhausted {
         attempts: u32,
@@ -128,6 +131,18 @@ impl ApiError {
     }
 
     #[must_use]
+    /// Return the `Retry-After` delay if this error came from a 429 response
+    /// that included a `retry-after` header. Callers should prefer this value
+    /// over the computed backoff delay when it exists.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn retry_after(&self) -> Option<Duration> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Api { retry_after, .. } => *retry_after,
+            Self::RetriesExhausted { last_error, .. } => last_error.retry_after(),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn is_retryable(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
             Self::Http(error) => error.is_connect() || error.is_timeout() || error.is_request(),
@@ -496,6 +511,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: true,
             suggested_action: None,
+        retry_after: None,
         };
 
         assert!(error.is_generic_fatal_wrapper());
@@ -519,6 +535,7 @@ mod tests {
                 body: String::new(),
                 retryable: true,
                 suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
             }),
         };
 
@@ -540,6 +557,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
+        retry_after: None,
         };
 
         assert!(error.is_context_window_failure());

rust/crates/api/src/http_client.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,69 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
 use crate::error::ApiError;
 
 const HTTP_PROXY_KEYS: [&str; 2] = ["HTTP_PROXY", "http_proxy"];
 const HTTPS_PROXY_KEYS: [&str; 2] = ["HTTPS_PROXY", "https_proxy"];
 const NO_PROXY_KEYS: [&str; 2] = ["NO_PROXY", "no_proxy"];
 
+/// Timeout configuration for outbound HTTP requests.
+///
+/// When set, the `reqwest::Client` will abort requests that take longer
+/// than the configured duration and return a timeout error (which is
+/// retryable by the existing exponential backoff logic).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TimeoutConfig {
+    /// Maximum time to wait for a connection to be established.
+    /// Defaults to 30 seconds.
+    pub connect_timeout: Duration,
+    /// Maximum time for the entire request (including reading the response
+    /// body). For streaming responses this is the timeout for the initial
+    /// handshake only; the stream itself is governed by SSE parsing.
+    /// Defaults to 5 minutes (300 seconds).
+    pub request_timeout: Duration,
+}
+
+impl Default for TimeoutConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            connect_timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
+            request_timeout: Duration::from_secs(300),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TimeoutConfig {
+    /// Read timeout settings from the process environment.
+    /// - `CLAW_API_CONNECT_TIMEOUT` — connect timeout in seconds
+    /// - `CLAW_API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` — overall request timeout in seconds
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn from_env() -> Self {
+        let connect_timeout = std::env::var("CLAW_API_CONNECT_TIMEOUT")
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
+            .map(Duration::from_secs)
+            .unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(30));
+        let request_timeout = std::env::var("CLAW_API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT")
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
+            .map(Duration::from_secs)
+            .unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(300));
+        Self {
+            connect_timeout,
+            request_timeout,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Create from explicit second values (used by config file parsing).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn from_seconds(connect_secs: u64, request_secs: u64) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            connect_timeout: Duration::from_secs(connect_secs),
+            request_timeout: Duration::from_secs(request_secs),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Snapshot of the proxy-related environment variables that influence the
 /// outbound HTTP client. Captured up front so callers can inspect, log, and
 /// test the resolved configuration without re-reading the process environment.
@@ -61,7 +121,7 @@ impl ProxyConfig {
 /// `HTTPS_PROXY`, and `NO_PROXY` environment variables. When no proxy is
 /// configured the client behaves identically to `reqwest::Client::new()`.
 pub fn build_http_client() -> Result<reqwest::Client, ApiError> {
-    build_http_client_with(&ProxyConfig::from_env())
+    build_http_client_with_opts(&ProxyConfig::from_env(), &TimeoutConfig::from_env())
 }
 
 /// Infallible counterpart to [`build_http_client`] for constructors that
@@ -71,12 +131,13 @@ pub fn build_http_client() -> Result<reqwest::Client, ApiError> {
 /// first outbound request instead of at construction time.
 #[must_use]
 pub fn build_http_client_or_default() -> reqwest::Client {
-    build_http_client().unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+    build_http_client_with_opts(&ProxyConfig::from_env(), &TimeoutConfig::from_env())
-        reqwest::Client::builder()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
-            .user_agent("clawd-rust-tools/0.1")
+            reqwest::Client::builder()
-            .build()
+                .user_agent("clawd-rust-tools/0.1")
-            .expect("default client with user_agent should always succeed")
+                .build()
-    })
+                .expect("default client with user_agent should always succeed")
+        })
 }
 
 /// Build a `reqwest::Client` from an explicit [`ProxyConfig`]. Used by tests
@@ -86,9 +147,20 @@ pub fn build_http_client_or_default() -> reqwest::Client {
 /// and `https_proxy` fields and is registered as both an HTTP and HTTPS
 /// proxy so a single value can route every outbound request.
 pub fn build_http_client_with(config: &ProxyConfig) -> Result<reqwest::Client, ApiError> {
+    build_http_client_with_opts(config, &TimeoutConfig::from_env())
+}
+
+/// Build a `reqwest::Client` from explicit [`ProxyConfig`] and [`TimeoutConfig`].
+/// Used by callers that want to control both proxy routing and request timing.
+pub fn build_http_client_with_opts(
+    config: &ProxyConfig,
+    timeout: &TimeoutConfig,
+) -> Result<reqwest::Client, ApiError> {
     let mut builder = reqwest::Client::builder()
         .no_proxy()
-        .user_agent("clawd-rust-tools/0.1");
+        .user_agent("clawd-rust-tools/0.1")
+        .connect_timeout(timeout.connect_timeout)
+        .timeout(timeout.request_timeout);
 
     let no_proxy = config
         .no_proxy
@@ -131,7 +203,7 @@ where
 mod tests {
     use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-    use super::{build_http_client_with, ProxyConfig};
+    use super::{build_http_client_with, build_http_client_with_opts, ProxyConfig, TimeoutConfig};
 
     fn config_from_map(pairs: &[(&str, &str)]) -> ProxyConfig {
         let map: HashMap<String, String> = pairs
@@ -143,30 +215,19 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_config_is_empty_when_no_env_vars_are_set() {
-        // given
         let config = config_from_map(&[]);
-
+        assert!(config.is_empty());
-        // when
-        let empty = config.is_empty();
-
-        // then
-        assert!(empty);
         assert_eq!(config, ProxyConfig::default());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_config_reads_uppercase_http_https_and_no_proxy() {
-        // given
         let pairs = [
             ("HTTP_PROXY", "http://proxy.internal:3128"),
             ("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://secure.internal:3129"),
             ("NO_PROXY", "localhost,127.0.0.1,.corp"),
         ];
-
-        // when
         let config = config_from_map(&pairs);
-
-        // then
         assert_eq!(
             config.http_proxy.as_deref(),
             Some("http://proxy.internal:3128")
@@ -184,17 +245,12 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_config_falls_back_to_lowercase_keys() {
-        // given
         let pairs = [
             ("http_proxy", "http://lower.internal:3128"),
             ("https_proxy", "http://lower-secure.internal:3129"),
             ("no_proxy", ".lower"),
         ];
-
-        // when
         let config = config_from_map(&pairs);
-
-        // then
         assert_eq!(
             config.http_proxy.as_deref(),
             Some("http://lower.internal:3128")
@@ -208,16 +264,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_config_prefers_uppercase_over_lowercase_when_both_set() {
-        // given
         let pairs = [
             ("HTTP_PROXY", "http://upper.internal:3128"),
             ("http_proxy", "http://lower.internal:3128"),
         ];
-
-        // when
         let config = config_from_map(&pairs);
-
-        // then
         assert_eq!(
             config.http_proxy.as_deref(),
             Some("http://upper.internal:3128")
@@ -226,59 +277,39 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_config_treats_empty_strings_as_unset() {
-        // given
         let pairs = [("HTTP_PROXY", ""), ("http_proxy", "")];
-
-        // when
         let config = config_from_map(&pairs);
-
-        // then
         assert!(config.http_proxy.is_none());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn build_http_client_succeeds_when_no_proxy_is_configured() {
-        // given
         let config = ProxyConfig::default();
-
-        // when
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         assert!(result.is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn build_http_client_succeeds_with_valid_http_and_https_proxies() {
-        // given
         let config = ProxyConfig {
             http_proxy: Some("http://proxy.internal:3128".to_string()),
             https_proxy: Some("http://secure.internal:3129".to_string()),
             no_proxy: Some("localhost,127.0.0.1".to_string()),
             proxy_url: None,
         };
-
-        // when
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         assert!(result.is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn build_http_client_returns_http_error_for_invalid_proxy_url() {
-        // given
         let config = ProxyConfig {
             http_proxy: None,
             https_proxy: Some("not a url".to_string()),
             no_proxy: None,
             proxy_url: None,
         };
-
-        // when
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         let error = result.expect_err("invalid proxy URL must be reported as a build failure");
         assert!(
             matches!(error, crate::error::ApiError::Http(_)),
@@ -288,10 +319,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn from_proxy_url_sets_unified_field_and_leaves_per_scheme_empty() {
-        // given / when
         let config = ProxyConfig::from_proxy_url("http://unified.internal:3128");
-
-        // then
         assert_eq!(
             config.proxy_url.as_deref(),
             Some("http://unified.internal:3128")
@@ -303,49 +331,56 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn build_http_client_succeeds_with_unified_proxy_url() {
-        // given
         let config = ProxyConfig {
             proxy_url: Some("http://unified.internal:3128".to_string()),
             no_proxy: Some("localhost".to_string()),
             ..ProxyConfig::default()
         };
-
-        // when
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         assert!(result.is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn proxy_url_takes_precedence_over_per_scheme_fields() {
-        // given – both per-scheme and unified are set
         let config = ProxyConfig {
             http_proxy: Some("http://per-scheme.internal:1111".to_string()),
             https_proxy: Some("http://per-scheme.internal:2222".to_string()),
             no_proxy: None,
             proxy_url: Some("http://unified.internal:3128".to_string()),
         };
-
-        // when – building succeeds (the unified URL is valid)
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         assert!(result.is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn build_http_client_returns_error_for_invalid_unified_proxy_url() {
-        // given
         let config = ProxyConfig::from_proxy_url("not a url");
-
-        // when
         let result = build_http_client_with(&config);
-
-        // then
         assert!(
             matches!(result, Err(crate::error::ApiError::Http(_))),
             "invalid unified proxy URL should fail: {result:?}"
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn timeout_config_defaults() {
+        let config = TimeoutConfig::default();
+        assert_eq!(config.connect_timeout, std::time::Duration::from_secs(30));
+        assert_eq!(config.request_timeout, std::time::Duration::from_secs(300));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn timeout_config_from_seconds() {
+        let config = TimeoutConfig::from_seconds(10, 60);
+        assert_eq!(config.connect_timeout, std::time::Duration::from_secs(10));
+        assert_eq!(config.request_timeout, std::time::Duration::from_secs(60));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn build_http_client_with_custom_timeouts() {
+        let config = ProxyConfig::default();
+        let timeout = TimeoutConfig::from_seconds(5, 120);
+        let result = build_http_client_with_opts(&config, &timeout);
+        assert!(result.is_ok());
+    }
 }

rust/crates/api/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ pub use client::{
 };
 pub use error::ApiError;
 pub use http_client::{
-    build_http_client, build_http_client_or_default, build_http_client_with, ProxyConfig,
+    TimeoutConfig,
+    build_http_client, build_http_client_or_default, build_http_client_with,
+    build_http_client_with_opts, ProxyConfig,
 };
 pub use prompt_cache::{
     CacheBreakEvent, PromptCache, PromptCacheConfig, PromptCachePaths, PromptCacheRecord,

rust/crates/api/src/providers/anthropic.rs

@@ -211,6 +211,19 @@ impl AnthropicClient {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Replace the internal HTTP client with one that respects the given
+    /// timeout configuration. This controls connect and request-level
+    /// timeouts for all outbound API calls.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn with_timeout(mut self, timeout: &crate::http_client::TimeoutConfig) -> Self {
+        self.http = crate::http_client::build_http_client_with_opts(
+            &crate::http_client::ProxyConfig::from_env(),
+            timeout,
+        )
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| reqwest::Client::new());
+        self
+    }
+
     #[must_use]
     pub fn with_session_tracer(mut self, session_tracer: SessionTracer) -> Self {
         self.session_tracer = Some(session_tracer);
@@ -454,7 +467,12 @@ impl AnthropicClient {
                 break;
             }
 
-            tokio::time::sleep(self.jittered_backoff_for_attempt(attempts)?).await;
+            let delay = if let Some(retry_after) = last_error.as_ref().and_then(|e| e.retry_after()) {
+                retry_after
+            } else {
+                self.jittered_backoff_for_attempt(attempts)?
+            };
+            tokio::time::sleep(delay).await;
         }
 
         Err(ApiError::RetriesExhausted {
@@ -868,10 +886,12 @@ async fn expect_success(response: reqwest::Response) -> Result<reqwest::Response
         return Ok(response);
     }
 
-    let request_id = request_id_from_headers(response.headers());
+    let headers = response.headers().clone();
+    let request_id = request_id_from_headers(&headers);
     let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_else(|_| String::new());
     let parsed_error = serde_json::from_str::<AnthropicErrorEnvelope>(&body).ok();
     let retryable = is_retryable_status(status);
+    let retry_after = parse_retry_after(&headers, status);
 
     Err(ApiError::Api {
         status,
@@ -885,9 +905,21 @@ async fn expect_success(response: reqwest::Response) -> Result<reqwest::Response
         body,
         retryable,
         suggested_action: None,
+        retry_after,
     })
 }
 
+fn parse_retry_after(headers: &reqwest::header::HeaderMap, status: reqwest::StatusCode) -> Option<std::time::Duration> {
+    if status != reqwest::StatusCode::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS {
+        return None;
+    }
+    headers
+        .get("retry-after")
+        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+        .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
+        .map(std::time::Duration::from_secs)
+}
+
 const fn is_retryable_status(status: reqwest::StatusCode) -> bool {
     matches!(status.as_u16(), 408 | 409 | 429 | 500 | 502 | 503 | 504)
 }
@@ -910,6 +942,8 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
         body,
         retryable,
         suggested_action,
+        retry_after,
+        ..
     } = error
     else {
         return error;
@@ -923,6 +957,7 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
             body,
             retryable,
             suggested_action,
+            retry_after,
         };
     }
     let Some(bearer_token) = auth.bearer_token() else {
@@ -934,6 +969,7 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
             body,
             retryable,
             suggested_action,
+            retry_after,
         };
     };
     if !bearer_token.starts_with("sk-ant-") {
@@ -945,6 +981,7 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
             body,
             retryable,
             suggested_action,
+            retry_after,
         };
     }
     // Only append the hint when the AuthSource is pure BearerToken. If both
@@ -960,6 +997,7 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
             body,
             retryable,
             suggested_action,
+            retry_after,
         };
     }
     let enriched_message = match message {
@@ -974,6 +1012,7 @@ fn enrich_bearer_auth_error(error: ApiError, auth: &AuthSource) -> ApiError {
         body,
         retryable,
         suggested_action,
+        retry_after,
     }
 }
 
@@ -1562,6 +1601,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
         };
 
         // when
@@ -1603,6 +1643,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: true,
             suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
         };
 
         // when
@@ -1632,6 +1673,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
         };
 
         // when
@@ -1660,6 +1702,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
         };
 
         // when
@@ -1685,6 +1728,7 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
+            retry_after: None,
         };
 
         // when

rust/crates/api/src/providers/openai_compat.rs

@@ -165,6 +165,18 @@ impl OpenAiCompatClient {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Replace the internal HTTP client with one that respects the given
+    /// timeout configuration.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn with_timeout(mut self, timeout: &crate::http_client::TimeoutConfig) -> Self {
+        self.http = crate::http_client::build_http_client_with_opts(
+            &crate::http_client::ProxyConfig::from_env(),
+            timeout,
+        )
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| reqwest::Client::new());
+        self
+    }
+
     pub async fn send_message(
         &self,
         request: &MessageRequest,
@@ -207,6 +219,7 @@ impl OpenAiCompatClient {
                         reqwest::StatusCode::from_u16(code.unwrap_or(400))
                             .unwrap_or(reqwest::StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
                     ),
+                    retry_after: None,
                 });
             }
         }
@@ -260,7 +273,12 @@ impl OpenAiCompatClient {
                 break retryable_error;
             }
 
-            tokio::time::sleep(self.jittered_backoff_for_attempt(attempts)?).await;
+            let delay = if let Some(retry_after) = retryable_error.retry_after() {
+                retry_after
+            } else {
+                self.jittered_backoff_for_attempt(attempts)?
+            };
+            tokio::time::sleep(delay).await;
         };
 
         Err(ApiError::RetriesExhausted {
@@ -1553,6 +1571,7 @@ fn parse_sse_frame(
                 body: payload.clone(),
                 retryable: false,
                 suggested_action: suggested_action_for_status(status),
+                retry_after: None,
             });
         }
     }
@@ -1620,10 +1639,12 @@ async fn expect_success(response: reqwest::Response) -> Result<reqwest::Response
         return Ok(response);
     }
 
-    let request_id = request_id_from_headers(response.headers());
+    let headers = response.headers().clone();
+    let request_id = request_id_from_headers(&headers);
     let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
     let parsed_error = serde_json::from_str::<ErrorEnvelope>(&body).ok();
     let retryable = is_retryable_status(status);
+    let retry_after = parse_retry_after(&headers, status);
 
     let suggested_action = suggested_action_for_status(status);
 
@@ -1639,9 +1660,21 @@ async fn expect_success(response: reqwest::Response) -> Result<reqwest::Response
         body,
         retryable,
         suggested_action,
+        retry_after,
     })
 }
 
+fn parse_retry_after(headers: &reqwest::header::HeaderMap, status: reqwest::StatusCode) -> Option<std::time::Duration> {
+    if status != reqwest::StatusCode::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS {
+        return None;
+    }
+    headers
+        .get("retry-after")
+        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+        .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
+        .map(std::time::Duration::from_secs)
+}
+
 const fn is_retryable_status(status: reqwest::StatusCode) -> bool {
     matches!(status.as_u16(), 408 | 409 | 429 | 500 | 502 | 503 | 504)
 }

rust/crates/runtime/src/config.rs

@@ -51,6 +51,27 @@ pub struct RuntimePluginConfig {
     max_output_tokens: Option<u32>,
 }
 
+/// API timeout and retry configuration.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ApiTimeoutConfig {
+    /// Connect timeout in seconds. Defaults to 30.
+    pub connect_timeout_secs: u64,
+    /// Request timeout in seconds. Defaults to 300 (5 minutes).
+    pub request_timeout_secs: u64,
+    /// Maximum retry attempts on transient failures. Defaults to 8.
+    pub max_retries: u32,
+}
+
+impl Default for ApiTimeoutConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            connect_timeout_secs: 30,
+            request_timeout_secs: 300,
+            max_retries: 8,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Structured feature configuration consumed by runtime subsystems.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
 pub struct RuntimeFeatureConfig {
@@ -65,6 +86,7 @@ pub struct RuntimeFeatureConfig {
     sandbox: SandboxConfig,
     provider_fallbacks: ProviderFallbackConfig,
     trusted_roots: Vec<String>,
+    api_timeout: ApiTimeoutConfig,
 }
 
 /// Ordered chain of fallback model identifiers used when the primary
@@ -320,6 +342,7 @@ impl ConfigLoader {
             sandbox: parse_optional_sandbox_config(&merged_value)?,
             provider_fallbacks: parse_optional_provider_fallbacks(&merged_value)?,
             trusted_roots: parse_optional_trusted_roots(&merged_value)?,
+            api_timeout: parse_optional_api_timeout_config(&merged_value)?,
         };
 
         Ok(RuntimeConfig {
@@ -1061,6 +1084,28 @@ fn parse_optional_provider_fallbacks(
     Ok(ProviderFallbackConfig { primary, fallbacks })
 }
 
+fn parse_optional_api_timeout_config(root: &JsonValue) -> Result<ApiTimeoutConfig, ConfigError> {
+    let Some(timeout_value) = root.as_object().and_then(|obj| obj.get("apiTimeout")) else {
+        return Ok(ApiTimeoutConfig::default());
+    };
+    let Some(obj) = timeout_value.as_object() else {
+        return Ok(ApiTimeoutConfig::default());
+    };
+    let context = "merged settings.apiTimeout";
+    let connect_timeout_secs = optional_u64(obj, "connectTimeout", context)?
+        .unwrap_or(30);
+    let request_timeout_secs = optional_u64(obj, "requestTimeout", context)?
+        .unwrap_or(300);
+    let max_retries = optional_u64(obj, "maxRetries", context)?
+        .map(|v| v as u32)
+        .unwrap_or(8);
+    Ok(ApiTimeoutConfig {
+        connect_timeout_secs,
+        request_timeout_secs,
+        max_retries,
+    })
+}
+
 fn parse_optional_trusted_roots(root: &JsonValue) -> Result<Vec<String>, ConfigError> {
     let Some(object) = root.as_object() else {
         return Ok(Vec::new());

rust/crates/runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub use compact::{
     get_compact_continuation_message, should_compact, CompactionConfig, CompactionResult,
 };
 pub use config::{
-    ConfigEntry, ConfigError, ConfigLoader, ConfigSource, McpConfigCollection,
+    ApiTimeoutConfig, ConfigEntry, ConfigError, ConfigLoader, ConfigSource, McpConfigCollection,
     McpManagedProxyServerConfig, McpOAuthConfig, McpRemoteServerConfig, McpSdkServerConfig,
     McpServerConfig, McpStdioServerConfig, McpTransport, McpWebSocketServerConfig, OAuthConfig,
     ProviderFallbackConfig, ResolvedPermissionMode, RuntimeConfig, RuntimeFeatureConfig,

rust/crates/rusty-claude-cli/src/main.rs

@@ -10547,7 +10547,8 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: true,
             suggested_action: None,
-        };
+            retry_after: None,
+};
 
         let rendered = format_user_visible_api_error("session-issue-22", &error);
         assert!(rendered.contains("provider_internal"));
@@ -10570,7 +10571,8 @@ mod tests {
                 body: String::new(),
                 retryable: true,
                 suggested_action: None,
-            }),
+                retry_after: None,
+}),
         };
 
         let rendered = format_user_visible_api_error("session-issue-22", &error);
@@ -10634,7 +10636,8 @@ mod tests {
             body: String::new(),
             retryable: false,
             suggested_action: None,
-        };
+            retry_after: None,
+};
 
         let rendered = format_user_visible_api_error("session-issue-32", &error);
         assert!(rendered.contains("context_window_blocked"), "{rendered}");
@@ -10701,7 +10704,8 @@ mod tests {
                 body: String::new(),
                 retryable: false,
                 suggested_action: None,
-            }),
+                retry_after: None,
+}),
         };
 
         let rendered = format_user_visible_api_error("session-issue-32", &error);